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Presenter(s): Nakamura, Yukiko (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science), Hirano, Keiko (Yokohama National University), Hayashi, Ami (Ochanomizu University)
This panel will discuss how women's work is shaped by the cases of India, Indonesia, and Japan.
In India, the dairy industry has grown significantly, owing to the introduction of rural dairy development programs since the 1970s. However, most milk production has depended on work by women in smallholder farming households owing to “traditional” gendered divisions of labor propagated to the present day. These women’s activities remain understudied because they are commonly classified as “domestic work.” First presentation discusses the complexity of women’s labor relating to milk production in rural areas in India.
Second presentation also deal with domestic workers’ issues in Indonesia. Reproductive labor in the form of live-in work has long been conducted by women who migrate from rural to urban areas, but with advances in urbanization, the number of commuting and short-time domestic workers (gig workers) has been increasing. However, gig economy domestic workers and conventional domestic workers are not perceived to be the same, although they are both engaged in the same reproductive labor. The former includes a certain number of male workers who consider themselves cleaners and not domestic workers.
Digital transformation within the labor market also affects women’s work in Japan. Third presentation clears how employees of the Public Employment Security Office in Japan perceive digital industry and IT-related job training, and how this perception affects their practice of providing training referrals to female job seekers, with a focus on gender implications. This presentation reveals that job training in the IT field is not actively recommended for female job seekers.
Through these cases above, this panel will discuss how women's work is shaped by the cases of India, Indonesia, and Japan. In addition, these presentations would open the discussion regarding digital transformation and gender and development.
