This paper examines the development of ministerial cabinets (MCs) in Italy from unification in
1861 to 2022, offering a historical perspective on the dynamics of ministerial advisory structures.
Employing the framework of historical institutionalism, the study highlights how the MCs have
evolved through gradual institutional change, characterized by path dependence and a process of
conversion. While rooted in the Napoleonic administrative tradition, the Italian MCs have adapted
incrementally to shifting political contexts, including critical junctures such as the Fascist era, the
post-war democratic transition, and the 1990s party system collapse. These junctures, however, did
not disrupt the fundamental institutional legacy of MCs but rather reinforced their continuity
through reinterpretation and reconfiguration of their roles. The findings reveal that the persistence
of MCs, despite significant political transformations, reflects the limited veto capacity of Italy’s
ministerial bureaucracy and the discretionary power of political elites in reshaping inherited
institutions. This research contributes to research on ministerial advice systems, offering insights
into how legalism, administrative traditions, and political instability influence institutional
trajectories. By originally extending the historical institutionalist lens to this domain, which despite
the flourishing research on ministerial advisors has rarely been analyzed from this perspective, the
paper underscores the value of diachronic analysis in understanding the interplay between political
agency and institutional continuity.