This study analyzed daily-integrated PM_2.5 speciation data in 2017–2023 beside a major highway in Toronto to determine tailpipe and non-tailpipe emission contributions. Brake wear, road dust, and tailpipe emission sources were resolved using positive matrix factorization. The brake wear mainly came from the highway, while road dust was more widespread. We found that trucks emitted more brake wear particles per vehicle than cars, but overall contributions were similar due to higher car traffic. Road salt, especially in coarse mode, was identified as a significant PM contributor during snow season. This study aids understanding of the real-world impacts of non-tailpipe emissions.

Non-Exhaust emissions have been measured within a large measurement campaign in The Netherlands in 2022. At three locations both the Tyre wear particle (TWP) concentration has been determined using TED-GCMS, and the Brake wear particle (BWP) concentrations using ICP-MS. Both methods were supported by SEM-EDX results. The locations have different vehicle behaviours and road types. Earlier studies in 2012 also measured both TWP and BWP concentrations at these locations, allowing for the comparison of non-exhaust emissions over time. The measurements were size selective, allowing for the comparison of both TWP and BWP particle size distributions in the environment.

This study, part of the MI-TRAP EU Horizon project, employs real-time source apportionment (RT-SA) to analyze particulate matter (PM) pollution in Athens. Using the ACSM-Xact-Aethalometer (AXA) system and SoFi RT software, traffic emissions were identified as the dominant PM source, while secondary aerosols contributed over 50% of the total PM mass. Biomass burning, cooking, sea salt, and dust were also detected. A key advancement was the system’s ability to differentiate non-exhaust emissions, such as brake and tyre wear, based on their distinct temporal emission profiles. These results enhance urban air quality monitoring and support targeted pollution mitigation strategies.

Non-exhaust emissions, particularly from tire wear, are a growing concern in urban air contamination. This study identifies benzothiazoles as key molecular markers, revealing their presence in diverse environments, from urban air to remote sites. While strongly linked to traffic, benzothiazoles also originate from textiles, shoe abrasion, and building materials. Their association with fine aerosol fractions suggests long-range transport and multiple emission pathways. Notably, some benzothiazoles appear to have a biogenic source, further complicating their sources identification. By integrating benzothiazoles into air models, this research contributes to more effective investigation of non-exhaust emissions.

The share of non-exhaust emissions is increasing and could become majoritarian. Brake emission is one of major contributor to non-exhaust emission. Brake emissions is source of ultrafine particles and have an impact on human health. Brake emissions are poorly characterized for heavy-duty vehicles in real-world conditions. This study focuses on brake-wear ultrafine particles emitted by a school bus in real-world driving conditions, through on-board measurements. A custom-made stainless-steel emission collection system was designed to measure brake emission. Emissions of gases and certain VOCs during intense braking events was also investigated.

This abstract investigates the impact of a double layered porous asphalt concrete (DLPAC) pavement on PM10 emissions and noise emissions from the road/tyre interaction. Measurements were conducted using a measurement vehicle in traffic at different speeds (50, 60 and 70 km/h), with studded, winter and summer tyres. The results indicated that the studded tyre gave constant emissions, while the non-studded tyres often showed a tendency to decrease where noise emission increased. The results showed that mitigation of PM10 and noise at its source require a holistic approach and consideration of the pavement properties.