This study develops theoretical explanations for the curvilinear relationships between digitalization and emerging economy enterprises (EEEs)’ export propensity. We analyze data from 73 emerging economies, totaling 30,518 observations from 2006 to 2020, based on the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) database. Our perspective originates from a dynamic, intertwined viewpoint. Furthermore, we also consider the moderating role of home country corruption in this curvilinear relationship. Our findings reinforce the inverted U-shaped relationship between digitalization and export propensity. Additionally, we find that corruption steepens this curvilinear relationship.

This paper investigates the resources and capabilities that determine firm-level adjustments after a sudden unexpected closure of a major export market. We focus on the effects of the 2014 Russian embargo on Western food exporters using the example of Estonian firms. The paper applies a novel multimethod approach consisting of Study I quantifying the embargo effect on the exports of all embargoed firms, and Study II conducting a multiple case study into three dairy exporters highly affected by the embargo. Study I employs a difference-in-difference model with matched embargoed firms as treatment. Study II builds on extensive document analysis that serves as input for interviews with the CEOs of the sample dairy firms. We find that pre-shock productivity is on average a good predictor of post-shock firm resilience (Study I), however, we specify that the key firm-level resources and capabilities necessary for successful post-shock adjustments might not be reflected in the standard quantitative productivity level measures (Study II). We conclude that key firm-level resources and capabilities for embargo-resilience are the quality of exporting experience, competitive product-market matching, absorptive capacity, and managerial vision and empowerment.

This study delves into the intricate dynamics of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) internationalisation within an emerging economy, focusing on the pivotal roles played by innovation and certification in overcoming corruption barriers. Leveraging data from the World Bank's Enterprise Survey (WBES, 2023) and drawing from a rich literature base, the research centres on India, utilising survey responses from CEOs conducted in 2022.

Employing the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation technique, the study scrutinises the relationship between corruption and SME internationalisation, considering the moderating influence of innovation and certification. Results reveal that the positive relationship between corruption and internationalisation weakens significantly in the context of internationally certified SMEs with innovative practices. Firms armed with certification and innovation exhibit a diminished reliance on corrupt practices to facilitate their internationalisation endeavours.

These findings carry important implications for policymakers seeking to foster ethical and sustainable SME internationalisation strategies. By highlighting the mitigating effects of certification and innovation on corruption barriers, the study provides actionable insights for shaping policies that promote responsible business conduct and facilitate SME growth in emerging economies.