2:05pm - 2:25pmID: 1133
/ Session 9a: 1
Full Paper
Topics: Building resilient cold chains, Meet the increased demand for cooling and lower carbon emissions, Successful cooling in extreme temperatures, New technologies that avoid the use or global warming refrigerantsKeywords: CO2, product quality preservation, natural refrigerants, capillary tube, modelling
Application of CO2 Refrigeration Systems on Small Fishing Vessels: Experimental Laboratory & Simulation Results
Alex Reimer2, Lukas Köster2, Kristina N. Widell1, Sigmund Jenssen3, Roger Tellefsen4, Armin Hafner2
1SINTEF Ocean, Norway; 2Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway; 3Cadio AS, Norway; 4HAV Kjølesystemer AS, Norway
Seafood plays an important role in the local food supply chain, especially in coastal areas of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Most small fishing vessels do not have an active refrigeration system to chill the catch, and only sometimes use ice brought from shore to chill the catch. The product temperature is known to have a major influence on product quality, and its control is therefore key to limit product degradation. Therefore, it could be advantageous to implement a CO2 refrigeration system onboard. It helps control product temperature, preserves the quality and prevent spoilage of the catch. This paper presents experimental results of a compact subcritical CO₂ refrigerated seawater system (RSW). A Modelica model was developed to simulate the CO₂ refrigeration system's performance under various operating conditions. The simulation results suggest that using a capillary tube as an expansion device is a feasible alternative to manual expansion valves. However, further validation of the model is required to ensure performance reliability.
2:25pm - 2:45pmID: 1118
/ Session 9a: 2
Full Paper
Topics: Meet the increased demand for cooling and lower carbon emissions, Minimizing the need for mechanical cooling, New technologies that avoid the use or global warming refrigerantsKeywords: Air compression, Ultra-low-energy buildings, Residential air conditioning
Performance Simulation Study of Air Compression Systems in Residential Air Conditioning
Rong Weilai, Ma Guoyuan, Xu Shuxue, Sun Shangyu
Beijing University of Technology, China, People's Republic of
Abstract: Research and technological advancements in environmentally friendly refrigerants can effectively address the destruction of the ozone layer and mitigate global warming. An air compression system applied to residential air conditioning was proposed, using air as the work mass, the heating and cooling performance of the air compression system is theoretically analyzed to evaluate the system's overall efficiency. Conventional and ultra-low-energy buildings in Beijing, China, were studied and computationally analyzed using DeST and MATLAB tools to propose energy-efficient operation strategies. The simulation results demonstrate that the air compression system performs well in low-temperature heating and can meet the cooling and heating load demands of buildings. This study offers a theoretical foundation for the application of air compression systems in residential air conditioning.
2:45pm - 3:05pmID: 1181
/ Session 9a: 3
Full Paper
Topics: Building resilient cold chains, Low carbon innovationKeywords: Digital twin, Solar Refrigerated van, Photovoltaic-assisted refrigeration, Phase-change material thermal storage, Machine-learning, Energy management
Digital-Twin-Enabled Design and Machine-Learning-Assisted Energy Management of a Solar Refrigerated Van with Phase-Change Thermal Storage
Ehsan Baniasadi1, Armin Esmaeilzadeh1, Mohammad Keramati Feyz Abadi1, Ahmed Rezk1, Luciano Batista1, Gioia Falcone2, Yusuf Bilesanmi3
1Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; 2University of Glasgow: Glasgow, United Kingdom; 3EjaIce Ltd, Manchester, United Kingdom
Rising ambient temperatures and tightening decarbonisation targets are compelling the cold-chain sector to adopt self-sustained cooling units. This study develops a high-fidelity digital twin of an electric refrigerated van that integrates roof-mounted photovoltaic (PV) modules, a 10 kWh lithium-ion battery, and a -21 °C organic phase-change material (PCM) thermal buffer. The system is modelled in Modelica and dynamically driven by typical meteorological year data for Birmingham (UK). Simulation outputs are used to train Random-Forest regressors that predict battery state-of-charge (SoC) and compressor speed in real time. Results for a 12-h delivery mission show that adding 4 kg of PCM halves compressor cycling frequency and improves final SoC by 11 %, while solar charging recovers up to 18 % of daily refrigeration energy. The Random-Forest model attains an R² of 0.9990 for SoC and 0.9683 for rotor-speed prediction, enabling proactive energy management. The proposed architecture therefore offers a practical pathway to extend BEV range and resilience in food logistics.
3:05pm - 3:25pmID: 1171
/ Session 9a: 4
Full Paper
Topics: Building resilient cold chains, Risk in the Global Cold Chain, Transport refrigeration, mobile air condition and rental equipmentKeywords: Food, climate change, exposure, vulnerability.
How Vulnerable Are UK Food Cold Chains To Climate Change?
Judith Evans1, Nick Pyatt2, Dermot Cotter3, Pete Faloon4, Henrique Lagoeiro1, Gareth Davies1, Catarina Marques1, Alan Foster1
1London South Bank University, United Kingdom; 2Climate Sense Ltd, United Kingdom; 3Star Technical Solutions, United Kingdom; 4University of Bristol, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
In the UK the ten warmest years since 1884 have all occurred after 2002. Peak summer temperatures have been increasing with a peak of 40.3°C in 2022. Predictions are that temperatures will regularly exceed 40°C in the future. Currently not all refrigeration plant is able to cope with the high ambient temperatures being experienced. End users currently have to regularly reduce load to cope with the climatic conditions. This will only increase in the future with a greater need for short term and longer-term adaptation strategies.
This paper assesses how prepared the UK food industry is for these changes by assessing how exposed and vulnerable example poultry and milk chains are to climate change. The risk to these products is discussed and adaptation strategies suggested.
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