Programa del congreso

• Objective: This study examines the effects of oil rent and human capital (general and specific) on opportunity-driven entrepreneurship in the context of Gulf and developed countries.

• Theoretical framework: Despite considerable income from oil exports, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region has not achieved economic diversification. One justification for this might be that oil abundance can crowd out private investments and reduce the incentive for new business creation. In this regard, previous research suggests that oil rents can influence in the development of human capital (which is a key determinant of opportunity-driven entrepreneurship).

• Methodology: Using data for the period 2010-2018 from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and the World Bank, we apply a logistic regression technique.

• Results/Implications: The results show that oil rent and human capital affect opportunity-driven entrepreneurship differently depending on the type of country (GCC and developed). Overall, we contribute to the discussion about the effect of natural resources (such as oil) and human capital in the creation and development of entrepreneurial initiatives.

After some decades of entrepreneurship education, gamification appears among the ‘new frontiers’ of teaching entrepreneurship. Thus, gamification might be a critical variable to bear in mind because it is a powerful tool to avoid the high cost of learning by creating actual firms. However, research is focused on traditional methodologies, and the current research on gamification is still heterogeneous. Using Content Analysis, we analysed the contexts of application, the theories and variables used and the benefits of gamification. To our knowledge, this work represents a novelty in the literature, pushing theory forward in this growing field.

Objectives: This study explores the influence of environmental orientation on the success of crowdfunding campaigns on the Kickstarter platform. We approach this issue from three levels of analysis: micro (firm), meso, and macro levels. The research examines the interplay between environmental orientation and factors such as platform endorsement, project category, and geographical context with the likelihood of the project being successfully funded.

Methodology: We employ regression analysis to test our hypotheses and models. Our sample includes 153,281 projects registered on the Kickstarter platform from 2009 to 2018.

Results/implications: The results indicate that environmental orientation is not a standalone predictor of the success of crowdfunding projects but interacts with other variables to influence campaign outcomes variably. The findings contribute to the discourse on sustainable entrepreneurship by highlighting the strategic importance of context in communicating environmental values in crowdfunding. Implications for academics include a deeper understanding of sustainability in entrepreneurial finance, while professionals are provided with insights into effective campaign strategies. Policymakers are offered evidence to guide the development of supportive measures for environmentally oriented ventures.

This study examines the extent to which Spanish regions are left behind in entrepreneurship between 2007-2019, comparing changes in the crisis period 2007-2014 and in the recovery period 2014-2019.

To this end, we rely on the theoretical framework of the stages in the development of entrepreneurial activity provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM).

A fuzzy logic approach is applied to identify regions further left behind in entrepreneurial intentions, early-stage entrepreneurial activity and established business.

Our findings display that the degree to which regions are left behind is particularly larger for entrepreneurial intentions and activity in 2014, showing the various impacts of the Great Recession on entrepreneurship across Spanish regions. Nevertheless, in both periods the changes in the degree to which regions are falling behind is pro-left behind regions, i.e., those regions left furthest behind at the beginning of the period were those that most reduced gaps with respect to better performing regions (quasi-β-convergence), even though with notably different patterns across regions. Likewise, despite these quasi-β-convergence processes in both periods, given the high re-ranking across regions over the crisis period, just in the recovery period the dispersion or inequality in the degree of falling behind across regions decreased (σ- convergence).