Programa del congreso

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to identify the main profiles of Colombian export companies based on characteristics at the company level, the sector of operation and their international activity.

Theoretical framework: The construction of the profile of an export company involves the analysis of one set of variables that explain its export behaviour, and another that provides a description of that behaviour. The academic literature has classified the factors that explain export behaviour into internal and external variables.

Methodology: To identify these profiles, cluster analysis has been used on a sample of 5181 Colombian export companies. The profiles are described with the variables used in the cluster analysis and complemented with others that provide more detailed information. Analysis of variance extended to include the Bonferroni test is used to establish the significance of the differences between the profiles.

Results: There are four profiles of Colombian export companies. The representative company in group 1 stands out for having the highest total value of exports ($46.4 million), while the average company in group 2 stands out for having the highest export intensity (59.91%). The average companies in groups 3 and 4 show export activity still in the early stages.

Las alianzas estratégicas son una herramienta que puede permitir a las empresas avanzar en la implementación de la sostenibilidad, mejorar su competitividad y expandir sus actividades a nivel internacional. Mediante la revisión sistemática de la literatura analizamos la cooperación entre organizaciones sostenibles a través de las cuales pueden construir relaciones sólidas entre las entidades que buscan crear valor compartido. De este modo, las alianzas estratégicas sostenibles pueden verse como propulsoras de la sostenibilidad y la competitividad, así como posibles impulsoras del rediseño de las cadenas de valor globales. La cooperación entre empresas sostenibles que siguen unos valores y principios éticos por encima de los beneficios económicos, pueden tener un efecto positivo tanto a nivel competitivo, como a la hora de crear mayor bienestar social, preservando el medioambiente y satisfaciendo las necesidades de todos los grupos de interés. Por todo ello, las alianzas estratégicas sostenibles pueden considerarse una alternativa viable a la hora de internacionalizarse y promover el camino de la sostenibilidad a nivel global.

We aim to provide a nuanced confrontation of whether the persistence of abnormal returns during the initial years of internationalization is owed to the earliness effect, the accumulated international experience, or the firm's idiosyncratic capacities when learning to deploy knowledge internationally.

We confronted two leading schools explaining different phenomena of internationalization: the International Entrepreneurship approach and the International Process Model. We build arguments from the knowledge absorptive capacity tradition in IB and recent developments on the capacity of learning to deploy a resource, which we apply to "knowledge for internationalization".

We relied on a proven two-way variance decomposition of ROA using an SEM to disentangle the temporal nature –permanent, temporary, although persistent– from the sources of advantages in a sample of 852 ventures going international when aged seven years or less during the initial five years of internationalization.

We prove the superior explanatory power of the accumulated international experience to explain differences in profitability. Our contribution is the still underdeveloped mechanism of the routinization of the learning capacity to deploy resources internationally and the explanation of how this capacity can imprint the venture by using general policies rather than complex routines, useless in rapidly changing environments as international markets are.

Several years ago, remote work -or working from a location different from the company’s premises- was used by few MNCs in niche industries. However, after pandemic, we find ourselves in a new paradigm where companies are defining what their “new normal” will look like. While many MNCs navigated remote work successfully during the pandemic, this unparalleled experiment shed light on the many effects of remote work both at the organization and individual level. Our objective in this paper is to conduct an integrative literature review to describe the state of the art of remote work outcomes and highlight future areas of research. The outcomes of remote work can be separated in two levels of analysis. At the organizational level, remote work has an impact on company culture, company performance, workforce diversity and knowledge management, to name a few. At the individual level, working remotely may impact employee motivation, employee performance, work-life balance, and mental health, among others. However, literature has overlooked multilevel effects, and little is known about the mechanisms that could potentiate remote work positive effects and diminish its negative effects -at both levels-. Our analysis of the literature reveals such conflicting outcomes and suggests ways to address them.

• Purpose: This study aims to determine the suitability of traditional theories in studying the internationalization of service firms by analyzing academic viewpoints.

• Theoretical framework: All traditional theories in IB are analyzed.

• Methodology: we analyze 307 articles published between 1977 and 2020 in the domain of service internationalization through a combination of bibliometric and content analyses, focusing on the internationalization of service firms and their entry mode choices.

• Findings/implications: Our results show that IB theories have been applied asymmetrically over the years (17 different groups of theories have been identified). There is a general understanding that existing theories traditionally based on manufacturing firms provide reasonable information for the analysis of service firms. However, there is a major recognition of the inherently distinctive behavior of service firms, acknowledging differences from manufacturing business and between different types of services. Therefore, there is a clear overall interest in the literature in identifying, adjusting and creating frameworks that fit the particularities of the internationalization of service firms.