Autistic students face challenges in higher education, including navigation, sensory overload, and limited awareness of support services. This study examines an Assistive Online Toolkit as a solution to these barriers. Findings from a qualitative study with 13 students from 5 universities indicate that its mapping and location features reduced stress and enhanced students' confidence and autonomy on campus. The Toolkit also provided clear guidance on reasonable adjustments and self-advocacy, encouraging and improving access to support. Additionally, it fostered social adaptation and well-being by normalising help-seeking behaviours and strengthening the sense of belonging. These results underscore the need for digital assistive technologies to support autistic students within a disability-inclusive framework.

This study explores the potential of No-Code (NC) platforms to enable people with disabilities to develop customized workplace tools. While NC platforms allow individuals without IT experience to create applications, their usability for people with disabilities has been underexplored. Conducted in collaboration with a sheltered workshop in Germany, the study consisted of three phases. Phase I involved a brainstorming session with employees, which influenced the study design and product development. In Phase II, six participants with disabilities received one week of training to develop chatbots. Phase III involved implementing the chatbots in the sheltered workshop. Each participant successfully developed four chatbots during Phase II, which increased their digital skills and social competencies. In Phase III, fourteen users rated the chatbots highly, with a mean System Usability Scale (SUS) score of 88.9 (SD=11.2), indicating their user-friendliness. Users found the use of clear, easily understandable images in place of text to be highly beneficial. The findings suggest that, with appropriate training, individuals with disabilities can effectively use NC platforms to create useful and accessible tools that are well-received by their workplace peers.

The transition into the workplace can be particularly challenging for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and intellectual disabilities. Many face unemployment or underemployment due to difficulties in social interaction and workplace adaptation. This study aimed to design and evaluate a tablet-based training program to improve work-related social skills for adults with NDDs. Developed in collaboration with workers with NDDs and their caregivers, the program incorporated 66 co-constructed social scenarios transformed into interactive quizzes. A two-month evaluation with 22 participants showed significant improvements in social knowledge and workplace social interactions. Participants appreciated the interactive format, and caregivers found it engaging and easy to use. These findings suggest that digital training tools can facilitate professional integration for individuals with NDDs by enhancing their understanding of social situations in the workplace.

The 2023 report on Cyprus’ employment for persons with disabilities highlights an increasing disability employment gap and challenges in social inclusion. Despite legislative frameworks, like Recruitment of Persons with Disabilities in the Wider Public Sector Law of 2009 and various subsidy schemes aimed at improving employment opportunities, the effectiveness of these measures is questioned due to limited application and scope.

Significant barriers include inadequate workplace accommodations and persistent employer biases, which lead to discrimination during hiring. Moreover, persons with disabilities face barriers due to low literacy rates, impeding their participation in an increasingly digital economy despite national efforts to enhance digital skills among vulnerable groups. The report also notes insufficient support for assistive technologies and reasonable accommodations, with a lack of public funding and employer engagement. It calls for a comprehensive strategy to enhance employability for disabled individuals in Cyprus through accessible workplace creation, discrimination combat and the promotion of inclusive policies and specific vocational training.

The digital age, characterized by rapid technological advancements and the pervasive influence of Industry 4.0, has brought about a paradigm shift in the workplace, necessitating a profound reassessment of the skills and competencies required for successful employment. As industries undergo digital transformation, integrating advanced technologies into their processes, the demand for a digitally proficient workforce has skyrocketed. This surge in demand, coupled with the relatively slow pace of skills development, has resulted in a critical digital skills gap, posing a significant challenge for individuals, organizations, and nations alike [1]. This gap not only hinders economic growth and innovation but also exacerbates social inequalities [2]. To bridge this divide and ensure inclusive and sustainable development, a concerted effort towards upskilling and reskilling is imperative. This paper presents an overview of the digital skills gap, the importance of lifelong learning, and the role of micro-credentials in addressing skills mismatches. Drawing from the findings of the CONVERT Erasmus+ project, which examines the labor market’s demand for ICT skills across five European countries, the study explores the efficacy of micro-credentials in addressing this skills gap.

There is a growing emphasis on integrating digital accessibility (DA) into higher education curricula. However, research on the learning outcomes of integrating DA into computer science education curricula remains limited. This study investigates the effectiveness of incorporating a DA-focused lecture and project requirements into a software engineering course. By analysing 62 student project reports, we evaluate students’ understanding and application of DA principles across seven key questions, including general DA concepts, user-centric considerations such as disabilities and diversity, and developer-centric practices like adherence to standards and accessibility testing. Our findings reveal that while students generally grasped the importance of DA, their engagement with specific concepts and practical skills, such as accessibility testing and diversity considerations, was limited. These results highlight the need for targeted educational strategies and hands-on training to bridge gaps in knowledge and application.

Universal Design (UD) and accessibility-related ideas have increasingly gained momentum in Higher Education (HE) debates, constituting an indispensable dimension of inclusion rhetoric. The article reports the findings from Cyprus, within a larger cross-national funded project on Accessibility and Universal Design in HE Curricula, examining experts’ experiences and recommendations on broadly incorporating Accessibility and UD into the content of HE curricula. This is the first study in the field conducted in Cyprus's HE context. The study's findings from two focus groups (10 participants in total) highlight the imperative of Universalizing UD-informed curricula by extending the number of courses focusing on UD and accessibility and informing research and practice more rigorously in HE. Lack of awareness of UD and its applications, alongside the lack of requirements and accountability regimes to promote UD, are identified as significant barriers. Respondents’ responses mirror a more ‘technicist’ rather than a critical approach to discussing UD, Assistive Technologies (AT) and accessibility and the necessity of developing democratic competencies in HE. These considerations relate to broader issues regarding political indifference, resistance, and inertia at university and governmental levels in promoting inclusion and its associated concepts of accessibility and UD in HE and beyond.

Since February 11, 2005, a French law guarantees the right for every child with a disability to attend mainstream classes. As a result, teaching materials must be adapted to ensure they are accessible and usable by these pupils. Through shadowing observations and interviews with experts in the transcription of materials for visually impaired pupils, we have modeled the transcription process. This model aims to provide a comprehensive description of the different practices used by these experts. It enabled us to: 1) understand the challenges, 2) identify the main obstacles, 3) explore opportunities for automating certain stages.

Research shows that traditional disability simulations can reinforce negative stereotypes by focusing solely on challenges. To address this issue, we developed three strategy-based games about students with visual, hearing, and mental health impairments, which follow previously designed guidelines. They were evaluated regarding Attractiveness, Knowledge Gain, and Empathy Gain. Nine participants played two games each. Attractiveness was assessed using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Knowledge Gain was assessed by having participants identify information that could be taken from the games. Empathy Gain was assessed using a self-report questionnaire with a Likert Scale rating the capabilities of people with disabilities. Results show that participants found the games enjoyable and effectively acquired knowledge through playable mechanics. While participants’ perceptions of students with disabilities did not show the anticipated quantitative improvements, qualitative feedback indicated an increased willingness to support these students. This suggests that disability simulations should prioritize showcasing strategies and successes.

This study explores the experiences of co-designers participating in a co-design program, a collaborative initiative between an Irish university and a service organization that supports individuals with intellectual disabilities. Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 10 co-designers with intellectual disabilities and 20 undergraduate students to understand their perceptions and experiences co-design. We conducted a reflexive semantic thematic analysis of focus groups which yielded key themes around positive experiences, emphasizing shared understanding and reciprocal learning. In addition to presenting the findings from this study we reflect on the importance of careful consideration of accessible protocols from data collection to data analysis to ensure an inclusive approach. This study provides valuable insights for researchers, co-designers, and developers, contributing to sustainable and accessible co-design tools.

This study introduces an AI-driven methodology designed to streamline the process of alternative text (alt-text) generation for accessible eBooks, a task that has traditionally been both challenging and costly. This research seeks to fulfill a critical need within the publishing industry by offering an AI-based solution that harmonizes streamlined publishing processes with the requirements of digital accessibility standards and regulations.

The research work follows a practical and results-oriented approach, and the study is structured around three main steps. The initial stage entails an examination of multiple GAI systems for alt-text production, alongside with the establishment of a metric for the evaluation of alt-text quality. In the second phase, an automated system is developed to extract images and related content from EPUB files; this system interfaces with the selected GAI tools and is tested on real-world cases. The third phase comprises the evaluation of the generated alt-texts, providing insights into the performance of the different tools tested.

The proposed methodology advocates for a semi-automated approach to alt-text production. Although GAI technology facilitates efficiency and decreased production costs, the editorial knowledge is vital for the ultimate assessment of alt-text, guaranteeing that the results are of high quality and comply with accessibility requirements.

The paper presents the results of a pilot survey of the experiences of blind, partially sighted and autistic people of using and being involved in the design of recommender systems, an area on which there is minimal research despite the increasing importance of recommender systems. A relatively small proportion of the participants were using recommender systems for a variety of common applications. They were particularly interested in information about robustness and reliability and noise/quietnes in operation and on standby for products and busyness, toilets, including accessible and all gender for services, noise/quietness. Small percentages had had some involvement in the design of new products, programs and systems. They highlighted the importance of involving them in the design from the start and the need for multiple ways to get involved, including the full diversity of the autistic community and learning how a blind person would use the software.

This study examines the development of a user-centred interactive tool designed to enable individuals with visual disabilities to actively contribute to the creation of synthesised audio descriptions (ADs). A pilot study revealed that a substantial number of existing synthesised ADs were rated as unsatisfactory by blind and partially blind users. Subsequent analysis identified pitch, speech rate, pauses, and volume as key areas requiring improvement. Based on these findings, prototype software was developed, enabling users to adjust accent, pitch, and pause length using their own voices. User feedback indicated that the tool has the potential to enhance the audibility of synthesised speech and expand users' expressive capabilities. The study sought to advance assistive technology by directly involving individuals with visual disabilities in the creation of ADs. This collaborative approach deepens understanding of effective speech expression, promotes user-centred design principles, and contributes to a more inclusive and equitable media landscape for all.

The safety of intelligent wheelchairs equipped with navigation functionality is critical, especially in complex indoor environments. Traditional 2D LiDAR sensors are limited in their ability to detect three-dimensional obstacles, which can result in potential hazards for users. While RGB-D cameras are capable of reconstructing 3D scenes, their performance is significantly hindered by uneven lighting conditions that are common in indoor spaces. Depth-dependent light sources, which these cameras rely on, cannot consistently provide accurate scene reconstruction in such environments, thereby posing safety risks for elderly or disabled users. This paper proposes a novel intelligent nursing wheelchair that integrates 3D LiDAR technology to address these challenges. Unlike 2D LiDAR sensors or RGB-D cameras, the 3D LiDAR sensor can effectively detect irregular and height-differentiated obstacles in complex indoor environments without relying on uniform lighting. Experimental mapping of indoor environments demonstrates that 3D LiDAR can accurately identify and navigate around three-dimensional obstacles, significantly improving the wheelchair’s ability to operate safely in dynamic indoor spaces. This development enhances the overall safety and mobility of elderly users, reducing the risk of accidents and improving their independence.

Addressing the challenge that existing assisted bathing robots face in performing compliant scrubbing on the complex surface contours of the human body, this study proposes a compliance control strategy designed to enhance scrubbing effectiveness and precision. The strategy is implemented using a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, which integrates machine vision and force-tactile perception to adapt to varying body contours dynamically. First, the stress exerted on the skin during scrubbing is analyzed to ensure user safety and comfort. Traditional impedance control is then optimized using a force-error differential method weighted by the Logistic growth curve, and its performance is evaluated through simulations in Simulink. To further improve force-tracking accuracy, an enhanced impedance controller based on variable-universe fuzzy control is developed and compared against a conventional non-fuzzy-control approach. Finally, human experiments are conducted to validate real-world performance. The trajectory error remains within ±3mm, while the contact force error is constrained to ±0.5N. Experimental results confirm that the proposed strategy achieves effective scrubbing performance with high precision, demonstrating significant improvements over traditional methods.

This paper presents a structured methodology for the rapid development of modular robots designed to capture and address user requirements in care settings. While co-design is widely applied in robotics, existing approaches often lack detailed, step-by-step frameworks. This study employs a Design Research (DR) methodology to establish a comprehensive process, demonstrated through the development of a modular robot, X, in collaboration with care home users during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The proposed methodology follows a seven-step structured process that systematically captures and clusters user requirements while integrating iterative feedback to refine modular robot variations. Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) is used to expedite prototype production, enabling rapid iterations informed by user input. This approach enhances the adaptability of care and service robots, ensuring they align more effectively with user needs by fostering active engagement throughout the design process.

This research outlines the complete methodology, the tools developed to capture and assess user requirements, and the evaluation of progress and insights gained. The findings provide a replicable framework for participatory robot design in care environments, contributing to the broader research community.

The sustainability of healthcare systems is increasingly challenged by aging populations, chronic diseases, and limited resources. Mobile robotics offers a potential solution by enhancing efficiency, supporting healthcare professionals, and improving patient care. This study analyzes survey responses from 47 healthcare professionals across 17 occupations in Finland to identify applications for mobile robotics in healthcare environments. The results highlight the following key areas where mobile robotics could be utilized: transport and logistics, patient and caregiver assistance, remote monitoring and other tasks. Logistical applications, such as transporting medicines, medical supplies, and food trolleys, were identified as the most crucial, as automation could reduce manual labor and free up time for direct patient care. Respondents also saw potential in patient support, remote monitoring, and administrative tasks. While mobile robotics is still underutilized in healthcare, technological advancements and decreasing costs could expand their applications. As mobile robots become more common, their acceptance among professionals and patients will grow, enabling them to serve as multifunctional assistive tools in healthcare.

The development and application of feeding-assistance robots represent an effective approach to help elderly individuals with disabilities achieve autonomous eating. This paper introduces a feeding-assistance robot specifically designed for elderly individuals with disabilities in home care environments who are unable to eat independently due to limb dysfunction. We present a vision-based interactive feeding-assistance robot featuring six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), incorporating a flexible design in partial joints to form a rigid-flexible hybrid robotic arm. Additionally, it integrates a vision interaction system to achieve reliable feeding assistance for elderly individuals with disabilities in constrained home spaces. Practical applications demonstrate that the vision-interaction-based meal-assistance robot is more intelligent compared to traditional button-interaction-based systems. Notably, our independently improved visual interaction algorithm achieves a 25% increase in recognition speed per second and a 30% reduction in algorithm size while maintaining high accuracy, compared to the original algorithm. Experimental results confirm that the self-designed meal-assistance robot effectively supports elderly individuals with disabilities in daily eating activities.

Over the past 15 years, Serbia has made inclusive education mandatory, ensuring all students—regardless of disability—have equal access to education. Alongside mainstream schools, some special schools have long operated as resource centers (RCs) to support inclusive education through assistive technology (AT). Recently, the “We Learn Together” project, launched by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Serbia and UNICEF Serbia with EU support, formed a consortium of experts to strengthen and empower the 13 recognized RCs in providing AT services. This contribution presents the overall structure of the initiative to strengthen these 13 RCs, detailing the methodologies employed and the key outcomes achieved. Over two years (2022–2024), the initiative conducted a situation analysis, developed training programs for 490 staff members, established standardized AT service protocols, and launched a web site featuring AT resources and training materials. These actions improved Resource Center staff capacity, streamlined AT service delivery, and increased awareness of AT’s role in education. A feasibility study provided actionable recommendations for establishing a National Center for Assistive Technology. This comprehensive approach addressed critical gaps in AT provision, advancing the inclusion of students with disabilities in mainstream schools while offering a scalable model for similar contexts.

As part of the effort to implement systematic change and promote inclusive educational practices, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Serbia and UNICEF Serbia, with EU support, aimed to strengthen inclusive education by enhancing the capacity of 13 Resource Centers to deliver assistive technology (AT) services. Comprehensive training programs were co-developed with national and international experts and delivered to 490 staff members across three progressive modules: BASIC, ADVANCED 1, and ADVANCED 2. These programs introduced foundational AT concepts, provided advanced practical skills, and addressed policy alignment for experienced practitioners. Participants reported significant knowledge gains and increased confidence in AT service delivery, with practical applications fostering stronger networks and consistent practices among Resource Centers. The initiative highlights the importance of tailored, collaborative training in achieving systemic improvements in inclusive education, offering a scalable model for similar efforts in other contexts.

Worldwide, there is a significant need for assistive technology (AT) for people with disabilities, with approximately 2.5 billion individuals requiring such devices. However, many face barriers to access AT due to limited affordability and availability and unsuitability for the local context. The AT4ALL program seeks to address these challenges by locally developing high-quality, affordable, and locally producible and repairable assistive devices to support full participation in society for people with disabilities.

Three projects were executed in this initiative. These include a crutch and walking stick in The Gambia, a frame runner for children with disabilities in Tanzania, and a three-wheeled wheelchair prototype, also in Tanzania. The design process included extensive field research, surveys, co-design sessions, and the creation of training materials to ensure sustainable use.

While the devices developed are still in the prototype phase, they represent important progress toward accessible and contextually appropriate assistive technology. Further optimization, implementation strategies, and funding models will be needed to integrate these devices into local communities. The AT4ALL program aims to establish a framework for transferring project outcomes to other low resource settings, expanding the reach and impact of assistive technology globally.

This study explored equity and inclusion of people with disabilities in the Malawian National Medical Rehabilitation Policy and National Strategy on Inclusive Education Document. We employed the EquiFrame analytical framework to analyze Core Concepts of human rights and the inclusion of vulnerable groups. Despite the good coverage of the Core Concepts of human rights for people with disabilities, there were few Core Concepts of human rights that expressed commitment to monitor and evaluate the implementation of policy statements. The overall summary ranking was rated as moderate in both national policy documents. Thus, to ensure inclusive and equitable policy, it is suggested that policymakers should engage various vulnerable groups including people with disabilities, members of their families, and relevant stakeholders at all stages of policy formulation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. If equity is considered in policy development, it recognizes the inclusion of different groups of people, and their needs are addressed and incorporated into the national policy.

https://aaate2025.eu/assistive-technology-challenge-challenge-based-hands-on-teaching-at-eth-zurich/

https://aaate2025.eu/lowering-digital-barriers-a-project-to-raise-public-awareness-about-the-potential-of-assistive-technology/

https://aaate2025.eu/life-saving-assistive-technology-sentrynet-for-the-deaf-and-hard-of-hearing/

https://aaate2025.eu/harnessing-3d-printing-for-providing-accessible-assistive-technology/

With the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs), their integration into higher education is becoming increasingly relevant. This systematic review aims to analyze the current applications of AI and LLMs in the training of psychologists and psychotherapists, focusing on their benefits, challenges, and existing research gaps. By synthesizing findings from relevant academic databases, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of how AI-driven technologie...
Additionally, this review aligns with the **Special Thematic Session (STS) on Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Advancing Inclusive Environments, Pedagogical Approaches, and Assistive Technologies** by emphasizing AI’s role in fostering inclusive learning environments and enhancing pedagogical methods. AI-powered assistive technologies, such as adaptive learning systems and virtual patient simulations, play a crucial role in expanding accessibility and creating more equitable learning opportunities...

The paper discusses both artificial intelligence (AI)’s potential in assistive technology and to improve accessibility and its use in control and surveillance and the disadvantages to disabled people from the bias in AI algorithms. This makes the involvement of disabled people in AI research particularly important. The study presented here is based on a literature overview, as page length prevented a full literature review. There is some literature on equity, diversity and inclusion in AI, with gender the main characteristic investigated and very limited reference to disability, and a few papers on AI co-design research with non-academic disabled researchers. Several approaches to designing databases to avoid digital discrimination against disabled people were also identified. The work highlights the importance of involving disabled researchers in assistive technology, but unfortunately does not suggest mechanisms for achieving this and overcoming any barriers to their participation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming educational publishing, particularly in improving accessibility through the generation of alternative text (alt text) for images. Alt text is crucial for visually impaired users to access digital content (AbilityNet, 2021). The European Accessibility Act (EAA) mandates that all digital publications include alt text by June 2025, highlighting its significance for inclusive education (European Parliament, 2019). Although AI-generated alt text has been explored for certain image types, research on its use for diverse educational content like diagrams, illustrations, and multimedia remains limited. This study, in collaboration with Zanichelli and the University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” evaluates AI models like Chat GPT-4, GPT-4S, GPT-4V, GPT-4o, Gemini, and Claude. Findings reveal both strengths and weaknesses, stressing the importance of precise prompting, model refinement, and human oversight to ensure reliable outcomes. Integrating AI into editorial workflows holds promise for creating accessible educational materials that empower learners.

This study investigates the potential of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) in generating educational materials tailored to students with learning disorders, specifically dyslexia and dyscalculia, in higher education mathematics courses. By analyzing outputs from ChatGPT o1, Llama 3.1, Phi4, DeepSeek r1, and Claude Sonnet 3.5, this research evaluates the effectiveness of AI-generated learning resources in maintaining both mathematical correctness and pedagogical usability. Using a teacher-centered prompting approach, we request model-generated adaptations for problem-solving lessons on limits and derivatives. Expert evaluators assess the outputs through a Likert scale to determine their alignment with inclusive teaching strategies. The findings provide insights into the strengths and limitations of LMMs in fostering accessible and pedagogically sound mathematics education while emphasizing the need for AI-human collaboration in instructional design.

The rapid advancements in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) and Generative AI (GenAI) have opened new possibilities for enhancing accessibility in higher education, particularly in STEM disciplines. However, current AI applications in education often prioritize direct problem-solving over fostering deep learning experiences, potentially bypassing essential cognitive struggles that are critical to mastering complex concepts. This study proposes a pedagogical framework for leveraging LMMs to support inclusive learning without replacing the cognitive engagement necessary for students' conceptual development. The research is structured around a two-fold approach, where three interdisciplinary working groups—special pedagogy, mathematics, and engineering—collaborate to design and test an AI-driven methodology that supports both professors in creating accessible lectures and students in developing customized learning pathways. The framework will be evaluated through two pilot studies, focusing on mathematics and electronics university courses, to assess its impact on both teaching practices and student learning experiences. By integrating AI-driven adaptations with evidence-based pedagogical strategies, the project aims to strike a balance between leveraging AI for accessibility and preserving the cognitive challenges necessary for deep learning in STEM disciplines.

Dyslexia is a learning difficulty characterised by challenges in information processing, particularly in phonological skills, working memory, and rapid naming, which can impact students' engagement with mathematical concepts like counting, spatial awareness, and basic operations. This paper highlights the potential use of educational robots (ER) to enhance mathematics education for students with dyslexia (SwD) through inclusive, multimodal interfaces. The authors developed a low-cost, pedagogically informed educational robot aligned with the Irish mathematics curriculum to support SwD in primary schools. A human-centred design (HCD) approach was adopted through collaboration with 27 first-class students (aged 6–7), three primary school teachers, and an expert in inclusive pedagogy and special educational needs to create an accessible, engaging educational robot. The robot’s design also incorporates universal design for learning (UDL) principles, offering multiple means of engagement, representation, and expression to foster inclusive mathematics education. The prototype robot was presented at a primary school in Dublin, Ireland, receiving positive feedback from students and teachers for enhancing engagement, accessibility, and understanding of mathematics. This feedback highlights the potential of ER to transform traditional mathematics education, providing new opportunities for inclusive learning.

This study explores the integration of modular robots into children's play to promote inclusion, particularly for children with disabilities. Robotics fosters accessibility, enabling children to interact autonomously and collaboratively, overcoming physical and social barriers. However, designing robots specifically for play - rather than education or therapy - remains underexplored. This two-year project (2023-2025) takes place in inclusive educational settings with preschool and primary school children. Using a spiral development methodology and a child-centred experimental design with multiple case studies, the project examined children's interactions with robots in various play scenarios. This contribution details the second project phase, focusing on the initial experimental cycle with systematic observations of children's interactions. Key issues emerged regarding robotic functionality and scenario accessibility, leading to adjustments in robot modules, materials, and play environments. Findings suggest robots can foster spontaneous, cooperative play and enhance peer interaction. The approach, merging robotic innovation with pedagogical insight, offers valuable perspectives for designing inclusive play tools and future research.

Play is essential for child development, yet children with disabilities often face barriers to engaging in meaningful play. XXX project explores the use of robots to support inclusive play in educational settings. In the initial experimentation involving 17 children with disabilities across 14 classrooms, we compared robot-assisted and traditional toy play, and we investigated, starting from the LUDI theoretical framework, the cognitive and social dimensions of play and play enjoyment. Our results suggest that robots foster cooperative play for children with disabilities, reducing solitary play and promoting higher engagement. Additionally, while enjoyment levels were high, variability in early childhood responses suggests a need for further analysis. Finally, while unexpected play behaviors highlight the need for greater flexibility in robot design and play scenarios, this research underscores the potential of robotics in inclusive play and emphasizes the need for adaptive designs. Future work will analyze video data, and integrate findings to improve robots to enhance accessibility and participation.

Use of robots in therapeutic and educational programs is expanding, offering promising opportunities for more effective solutions in the future. Robotics have the potential to enhance lives of people with disabilities by providing educational and emotional support, communication facilitation, everyday activities assistance. Hearing loss may have a significant impact on communication by affecting sounds perception, speech and language development, interpersonal relationships, academic achievement, and emotional well-being. However, people who are deaf or hard of hearing may effectively manage these challenges and enhance their communication skills by supporting interventions, including robotics. To explore the role of robotics in improving communication among people who are deaf or hard of hearing, this study conducts a scientific literature review. A comprehensive search of multiple academic databases was conducted. Six research questions were formulated to guide the literature review. Criteria for the inclusion and exclusion of the publications were defined in advance. In the studies evaluated, robots were employed to support and improve verbal and nonverbal communication. The analysis revealed that robots are mostly used for therapeutic purposes. Use of robots for everyday activities and entertainment is also notable, though less common. This indicates a potential area for further study.

All professionals agree that evidence-based practice is the best approach for speech-language interventions. Integration of technology as new therapeutic approach has demonstrated a great promise for improving the effectiveness and delivery of therapeutic interventions. Combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches for evaluation of the innovative therapy methods offers a more comprehensive understanding of research. The acoustic measurements, phonetic and linguistic analyses are proved instruments for studying the disordered speech specificities, differentiating disordered and normal speech and even measuring therapy effectiveness. The current study presents a methodology that includes phonetic and linguistic assessment of disordered speech of children enrolled in social robots assisted and virtual reality speech and language therapy. A set of quantitative and qualitative measurements has been chosen such as speech activity duration, verbal reaction time, voice and speech parameters related to intelligibility, precise articulation and mispronunciation as well as grammar competences. The proposed methodology includes a detailed observation and phonetic-linguistic assessment of the speech and language of children enrolled in the therapy for evaluation the effectiveness of the applied innovative methods for speech therapy interventions.

Social robots are emerging as assistive tools to enhance engagement and learning in education. This study explores Learning-by-Teaching with a social robot as a support mechanism for students with varying prior knowledge. Primary school children either taught a robot or practiced independently on a tablet. While students with lower prior knowledge showed greater learning gains in the Learning-by Teaching condition, the differences were not statistically significant. However, these students spent more time engaging with the material, particularly using the help panel, suggesting deeper self reflective learning. These findings suggest that social robots can serve as assistive learning tools, fostering engagement and adaptive support. Future research will refine these interactions and assess their impact on students with learning difficulties.

Quality of service delivery is critical for the uptake of assistive technology, such as activity chairs, which are provided to support seated daily activities. This study investigates the scope and quality of instruction and training provided to users of activity chairs, aiming to identify gaps and inform provision practice.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with N= 141 adult activity chair users, from 16 Danish municipalities. Data was collected by telephone interviews using a study-specific questionnaire. Descriptive statistics summarized the quantitative data, while thematic text analysis was applied to open-ended responses.
Results revealed varying levels of instruction and training: 32% of respondents received "curbside delivery," with no guidance on setup or use; 5% had the activity chair pre-adjusted but without further instruction. Approximately 33% received oral and/or written instructions, while 14% received a combination of pre-adjustment and oral/written instructions. Notably, 16% underwent activity-based training in their home environment.
Unfortunately, these devastating findings add to the existing body of literature demonstrating poor and substantial variability regarding the quality of the service delivery process. This emphasizes the need for improvement, potentially by means of sensor technology, allowing provision practice to follow the use over a certain time and providing instructions and training when needed.

The study targets a shared ambition across users, clinical assistive technology practice, industry and research aiming to improve the design of assistive technology and the provision practice, to support the user to the greatest extent. The key idea was to supplement observed and self-reported data on the quality of activity performance with sensor data tracking the actual use of assistive technology, in this case exemplified by means of the electric powered activity chair. To collect and analyze sensor data we developed a new type of toolbox with:
• Sensors to be integrated in the activity chair and the environment
• Data communication and collection
• Visualization tools
Collaboration between industry and software/hardware engineers played a crucial role during development of the sensor-components. As to the development of the visualization tools, clinical and research occupational therapists closely collaborated with visualization specialists and interaction designers to generate series of visualizations that allowed us to analyze and test different hypothesis about use.

Wheelchair users, especially those with spinal cord injuries, are at high risk of pressure injuries (PrIs). Prolonged pressure on vulnerable areas, like the ischial tuberosities, is a key cause, and while pressure relief maneuvers are effective, consistent implementation is challenging. Assistive health technologies that promote health prevention by tracking user behaviour show promise in enabling self-monitoring and real-time feedback to improve PrI prevention. However, their success depends on acceptability, including ease of use, psychological comfort, and integration into daily routines. This study aimed to investigate acceptability by gathering insights from wheelchair users and clinicians through interviews and focus groups. Users valued autonomy and preventative strategies such as repositioning and skin care but noted limitations. They saw the technology as beneficial for higher-risk users but emphasised the need for personalisation, discreet alerts, and privacy. Clinicians highlighted its potential to monitor behaviour, provide feedback, and support PrIs prevention but raised concerns about intrusiveness, usability. Both groups emphasised personalisation, simplicity, and affordability. The findings highlight the need for a collaborative, team-based approach, where users and clinicians work together with developers to ensure acceptability and effective implementation. Designing user-centered, clinician-endorsed technologies that adapt to diverse needs is crucial for fostering trust and widespread adoption.

Evidence for assistive technology (AT) efficacy remains limited. The activity chair is an AT designed to support individuals with physical limitations in performing seated activities. It features electrically adjustable elevation, seat tilt, and a central brake to enhance safety and stability. While randomised controlled trials are the gold standard for evaluating interventions, their focus on standardisation limits their relevance for evaluating AT efficacy, which is shaped by individual and contextual factors. Single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) provide a flexible, valid alternative by capturing real-world AT use in activity performance.

This study examined the efficacy of activity chairs through observed and self-reported activity performance. Using a SCED, activity performance with and without an activity chair was compared among five participants receiving training, housing adaptations, and follow-up. Data were collected at baseline and at five follow-up sessions using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills and self-reported ratings of efficiency, effort, satisfaction, and safety in combination with sensor technology to monitor activity chair use. Preliminary findings suggest diverse outcomes. Results will be presented graphically, with clinical implications and methodological discussions concerning SCED in AT research. This study provides in-depth insights into activity chair efficacy and contributes to the development of user-centred AT solutions.

In this extended abstract, we present our explorative case study of how integration of automatic data collection from sensors build into an activity chair and visualizations of the collected sensor data can be employed as a means of methodological triangulation to identify patterns of use and non-use. By eliciting easily overlooked and often tacit knowledge about user behavior, sensor data holds the promise of flagging obstacles and inconveniences of assistive technology in the home setting, stimulating conversation between users and their surrounding carers about how these inconveniences can be mitigated, and, furthermore, informing assistive technology manufacturers' product development and bettering existing practices. Eventually, in the capacity of providing an additional measurement point for obtaining situational insights, methodologies that integrate automatic data collection from sensors into assistive technologies have an important equality in health potential of improving insight accuracy and lifting the burden from user, next of kins, as well as care personnel of identifying and communicating obstacles and inconveniences of assistive technologies.

Activity chairs are rehabilitation-grade ergonomic chairs for individuals with limited standing tolerance or balance. Our study used a mixed-methods, single-subject, quasi-experimental design to investigate the perceived impact of activity chairs on activity engagement among adults with standing difficulties. Performance measures (i.e. activity duration, fatigue, pain) were reported by participants in daily activity logs for five days prior and five days after receipt of the chair. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted. Quantitative data included satisfaction rating with Wheelchair Outcome Measure (WhOM) and task demand rating with NASA Task Load Index (TLX). Activity chairs were used for dishwashing, cooking, and studying. Compared to baseline, three participants had increased satisfaction and reduced pain and/or fatigue. One participant had equal satisfaction and fatigue; another participant had decreased satisfaction and worsened pain. Four participants had decreased total NASA-TLX score, indicating reduced task demand. Qualitatively, most participants were satisfied with seat elevation features but dissatisfied with ease of mobility and navigation. Activity chairs may facilitate engagement in seated activities when limitations relate to physical fatigue and pain. Prescribers must ensure the suitability of activity chairs in individual contexts.

In recent years, various industries, including logistics, e-commerce, and energy, have been revolutionized by data sharing, analysis, and AI, leading to innovative value chains. This transformation is especially visible in the fintech sector, where banks now provide easy data access through third-party apps. A similar shift is possible in home healthcare, where remote patient monitoring is being supplemented by personal activity trackers and apps.

At the same time demographic changes are placing pressure on healthcare systems due to an aging population, making traditional, labor-intensive care models unsustainable. This has increased the demand for home-based treatment and care, driving the development of data-based ecosystems for health and care at home. In this context the authors look at how the assistive technology (AT) field, traditionally focused on physical devices, may begin to integrate sensors and automated data-collection to contribute to these emerging data-based eco-systems for health and care at home, potentially transforming home care and independent living in the future.

It was in the 1970’s that lifts began to be imported from Europe to Japan. The first domestic lifts were produced in the 1990’s, but the utilization was extremely limited. Australian “no lifting policy” movement was introduced in 2008, that made lifts became to be known widely in Japan. To cope with risks of low back pain assosiated with long-term care, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) initiated to promote implementation of lifts into nurisng homes. The national joint project of developping care robots by MHLW and Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) from 2013 to 2017 included care robots for transfer. However, mannual-lifting by care staffs is still common at nursing homes, and the implementation is still at stake. We made an interview study with 16 nursing homes which can be considered as good practices in the operation of lifts. This paper reports results of the interview to discuss future challenges of implementation of lifts in Japan.

This study aimed to develop models for estimating the physical load on elderly individuals with reduced physical function during assisted walking. Five models were constructed, considering the participants' body balance, walking stability, posture comfort during assisted walking, and total pressure on both feet. The optimal placement of welfare aids in actual caregiving settings was assumed as the "optimal solution," and the validity of each model was verified by comparing the "optimal aid placement positions" calculated by each model. Two definitions were adopted for determining the optimal aid placement positions: (1) the location where the area of reduced load due to the aid installation was most significant, and (2) the location where the total reduction in load due to the aid installation was most significant. As a result, under definition (2), the model considering body balance and walking stability was considered valid, resulting in the shortest distance between the “optimal solution” and the calculated “optimal aid placement position.”

Smart furniture has potential in supporting independent living and improving quality of life of various users. In this paper a smart chair prototype, originally designed with elderly, is introduced. The prototype consists of a pressure sensing chair which is connected to an Android device with two activation games. In order to verify and clarify its added value to users and to further define the prototype requirements according to users’ perspectives, an online survey with video demonstration was performed for two potential user groups (end-users and health care professionals as secondary users). The survey produced feedback from a diverse range of healthcare professionals as well as from end-users, most of whom were elderly. The results from the survey indicated multiple potential benefits for users including improvement and support in physical as well as cognitive abilities and mental well-being. Many improvement ideas were also pointed out by both end-users and healthcare professionals. Most of these were about additional functionalities and modularity. The online survey was seen as a good addition in user need mapping in the iterations of co-creation process.

This study presents a fall detection system based on ultrasonic sensors. The system has been designed to consider environments such as bathrooms, where traditional monitoring solutions may be impractical. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness in minimizing false positives; false negatives require adjustments in sensor height and tilt to optimize the detection radius and minimize uncovered areas. This research contributes to the development of cost-effective, privacy-preserving assistive technologies aimed at enhancing safety and independent living of fragile individuals.

As the aging population grows, healthcare systems face increasing challenges in managing frailty and chronic conditions. Frailty syndrome, characterized by weakness, fatigue, cognitive decline, and reduced physical activity, requires early detection and intervention to improve quality of life and prevent deterioration. This paper presents the implementation and evaluation of a modular digital platform, named BONVITA, designed to support frailty assessment, self-management, and shared care planning. BONVITA integrates a serious games mobile application for assessing cognitive and physical function, AI-driven risk prediction and patient stratification, and tools for remote rehabilitation, medication management, and lifestyle monitoring. It is a key component of Bellis, a holistic digital health framework within elderly care homes under the Pharaon project, enhancing coordinated care through real-time alerts, personalized recommendations, and smart dashboards for healthcare professionals and caregivers. By leveraging AI-powered analytics, interactive assessments, and shared care tools, BONVITA enables early intervention and personalized care for frail and pre-frail individuals. Its scalable and adaptable design allows for seamless integration into broader healthcare and social care settings, offering a sustainable model to support Europe’s aging population.

There is a strong relation between visual performance and slowing down the progression of dementia. Traditional eye exams are presenting difficulties for people with dementia due to the cognitive functions these exams address and the impact the travel towards an optometric practice has on their energy level.

A systematic review has been conducted to look into improvement in eyecare for those with dementia. Eyetracking technology has the potential to measure visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and visual field in a non-verbal method. Eyetracking is possible to perform in people with dementia, as is seen in the search for biomarkers in dementia.

Tablet and smartphone based adaptations of the visual function tests have potential to be performed in a familiar environment. There is enough evidence that the adaptations are reliable on individuals without dementia even when they are visually impaired.

By the knowledge of the author, no research has been done if these adaptations on visual function test are suitable for the implementation in an optometric eyecare routine for people with dementia.

• Assistive technology (AT) and artificial intelligence (AI) tools have revolutionized accessibility for individuals with mobility impairments, enabling greater independence and participation in digital environments. This study combines a literature review with insights from two clinical case studies to explore the efficacy of AT and AI solutions in enhancing smartphone and computer accessibility. The literature review, conducted following PRISMA guidelines, identified key advancements in head-tracking software, switch-based systems, and AI-driven accessibility tools. Two case studies were analyzed: User A, a quadriplegic adult, after assessment within our rehabilitation institute, utilizes speech recognition AI tool and head-tracking software to control a computer and an app for controlling a smartphone via computer, alongside an eReader. User B, an adult with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy, uses a custom dental appliance with six tongue-operated switches to control a powered wheelchair, a communication device, and a computer. Both users were assessed at a rehabilitation institute to optimize their accessibility solutions. Findings highlight the transformative potential of AT and AI tools in addressing diverse needs, though challenges such as customization and user training remain. This study underscores the importance of personalized solutions and ongoing innovation in AT and AI to improve digital accessibility for mobility-impaired users.

This paper investigates Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to realize Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) services for individuals with speech disorders, particularly dysarthria, which impairs the motor mechanism of speech and manifests as dysfunctions within the respiratory, phonatory, and articulatory apparatus, leading to irregularities in speech intelligibility. Approximately 22 million people in Europe experience substantial communication challenges due to these disorders, impacting their ability to participate socially and maintain independence in daily activities. Our work introduces the design and initial implementation of a digital ecosystem for automatic disordered speech recognition in Italian. We focus on accurately recognizing disordered speech commands using speaker-dependent approaches and advanced deep learning-based solutions, including state-of-the-art encoder-decoder models. Key achievements include the creation of the first Italian atypical speech dataset and the deployment of the ASR system as an on-demand service for real-time speech transcription. This system empowers multiple assistive technology scenarios for people with speech impairments, especially in communication and human-computer interaction contexts.

In this paper, we present an example of the application of a gesture interface to a child with
cerebral palsy who is unable to perform voluntary movements. Since the subject child is unable to
perform voluntary movements, he does not know how to interact. By using the gesture interface, we
confirmed that he understood for the first time that the toy moves when he lifts his arm.

This study evaluates the transformative potential of introducing TalkBack, an Android screen reader, on digital literacy among visually impaired adolescents at Antarjyoti Balika Vidyalaya in Bihar, India. Conducted over three months, the research employed baseline assessments, structured training sessions, and post-intervention evaluations. Findings revealed significant improvements in confidence and smartphone navigation skills, with 80% of participants reporting comfort with gesture-based navigation post-training. The study underscores the role of early exposure to assistive technologies in enhancing academic performance, independence, and social integration for visually impaired students.Challenges identified include the variability of TalkBack's functionality across devices, the need for tailored teaching methods, and the diverse levels of prior exposure to technology among students. Despite these hurdles, the findings affirm the potential of accessible technology, like TalkBack, in empowering students with disabilities and advancing digital inclusion. This research advocates for broader integration of assistive technologies into educational policies and training programs to ensure equitable access to digital tools for all, fostering a more inclusive society

Touchscreens or touch sensitive surfaces have invaded our daily life, from home appliances to smartphones and tablets. Thanks to the ever-increasing computing, autonomy and localisation capabilities and all-in-one device functionalities, smartphones (and tablets) have become an indispensable tool, with great potential for accessibility. However, these displays are still devoided from any tactile feedback, beyond simple vibrations to the whole display, making the interactions more difficult, especially nonvisually, and leaving some content entirely inaccessible, such as graphics. Researchers have investigated several methods to render tactile feedback on a surface; yet most rely on friction-based feedback, which is limited to a single finger in motion. Thus, in the European project ABILITY[1], we propose a novel multisensory tablet that provides localised and multitouch vibrotactile feedback to static or dynamic fingers, to give back some of the lost tangibility. This feedback can render from simple clicks to more complex textures and thus, has the potential to convey visual content. This work presents the latest prototype as well as plans for upcoming studies with visually impaired users.

We present co-design work on user requirements for a refreshable tactile display, using a hybrid prototype using paper overlays in combination with an iPad app. This prototype has been used in a workshop at a school with blind youths in Germany, and we present preliminary results and recommendations.

The objective of the MS-EXPLORER project is to provide a new interaction paradigm to documents access for visually impaired people. This paradigm aims to preserve spatial structure of information, in particular two-dimensional information such as mathematical formulas [1], maps [2], web pages, arrays, diagrams [3], etc. The approach consists in combining different interaction modalities to present the information and relies on the definition of three information access levels. First, the spatial level allows the user to perceive the overall spatial structure of the information without being bothered by the details. Then, the type level allows to have access to the type of information currently explored by the user’s fingers (image, paragraph, list, array, menu, etc.). Finally, the substantial level allows to get the detailed content of the currently explored element. Different modalities and devices (dynamic tactile graphics, braille, speech synthesis) will be used to provide access to these different levels. A first prototype has been developed and a preliminary study to determine how to render the spatial structure has been conducted.

https://aaate2025.eu/ubiquitous-workshop-service-that-delivers-real-life-experiences-to-the-visually-impaired/

https://aaate2025.eu/vision-guide/

https://aaate2025.eu/dotcalc-an-%ce%b1ffordable-scientific-calculator-for-the-visually-impaired/

https://aaate2025.eu/navis-ai-powered-navigation-support-for-independent-outdoor-mobility-of-visually-impaired-individuals/

Assistive technology (AT) education is essential for promoting inclusion and autonomy for persons with disabilities, yet academic programs remain scarce and fragmented. This study conducts a qualitative document analysis to map 12 AT academic programs at international and European levels, identifying diverse structures, master's degrees, certificates, and professional training curricula with geographical variations. These findings shape the development of our new master's program in Designing Accessible and Inclusive Living Environments starting in 2025/2026.

This paper discusses the development of an undergraduate course on Assistive Technology for Persons with Disabilities, aimed at addressing the gap in building capacity within higher learning institutions for assistive technology (AT) design. The course integrates community-based learning (CBL) with a design-focused, experiential approach, enabling learners to partner with an individual with disability to identify unmet needs, design prototypes, and evaluate solutions. Through this hands-on, real-world process, students develop higher-order thinking skills and gain empathy, while actively contributing to society. Feedback from students reveals increased motivation and deeper learning. Over the last five years, more than forty assistive devices have been developed with some translated into products and adopted by community partners for daily use. This innovative blend of community engagement and discipline-specific learning demonstrates the effectiveness of CBL in fostering technology innovation whilsts creating both academic and social impact, thus setting a new precedent for assistive technology education.

This study evaluates a 75-hour ICT training workshop for inclusive education teachers using the TPACK framework to assess improvements in technology integration within inclusive education. A quantitative pre-test/post-test design was employed, utilizing the TPACK.xs-IT scale to measure competencies across seven TPACK dimensions.

The sample included 76 teachers, and statistical analyses (Wilcoxon test, Rosenthal’s r index) revealed significant improvements (p < 0.01) in all dimensions. The largest gains were in TPACK, TPK, and TCK, while Content Knowledge (CK) showed the smallest improvement.

Results confirm that structured, hands-on ICT training enhances teachers' ability to integrate technology into pedagogy and content. However, limitations include non-probabilistic sampling, lack of a control group, and absence of longitudinal follow-up. Future research should assess long-term impacts and explore experimental methodologies. The study underscores the need for comprehensive ICT training that develops both technical skills and pedagogical reflection for effective, inclusive teaching.

The proportion of individuals requiring Long-Term Care (LTC) is projected to rise from 11.6% in 2020 to 14.1% in 2070, indicating a 21% increase in the number of people aged 50+ needing LTC over 50 years. In parallel, digitalization is evolving rapidly, demanding the adaptation of digital skills. In 2022, the European Commission introduced the European Care Strategy, emphasizing the importance of a Skills Partnership within the Pact for Skills to strengthen the LTC sector. By April 2023, this vision was realized with the launch of a Large-Scale Skills Partnership in LTC, aiming to train 60% of the LTC workforce annually by 2030. The European Care Strategy identifies evolving skill requirements, highlighting the need for training in soft and digital skills, specialized knowledge, and person-centered approaches. The underlying abstract addresses the digital skills of LTC workers in ten European countries, exploring their relevance, the perspectives of LTC managers versus workers, and workforce attitudes towards digital skills. Initial results reveal common challenges such as staff and financial shortages, and varying levels of digital skills across countries. The findings underscore the increasing impact of digitalization and the necessity for targeted training to enhance the quality and efficiency of LTC services.

The work deals with the knowledge transfer of digital accessibility in Word documents with the use of generative artificial intelligence and gamification. For this purpose, a gamified web application was developed, which conveys the necessary test steps for an accessible Word document in the form of texts and tasks. To correct the tasks, a custom GPT from Open AI was set up that provides personal feedback to the user. The web application was qualitatively tested in a user test and the user-defined language model was tested again separately with a binary classification. The user test showed that the web application and the gamified content were perceived positively. The test of the user-defined language model revealed problems in the analysis of Word documents and error detection in a Word document. This leads to the conclusion that the use of generative artificial intelligence around Word documents is not yet fully developed and that further technical developments are required for an optimal result.

This study explores satisfaction with assistive technology (AT) products in Italy using data from the rapid Assistive Technology Assessment (rATA). It evaluates how demographics and functional difficulties influence satisfaction levels. Older adults (60+) showed the highest satisfaction (mean = 2.82), while younger participants (0-17 years) reported the lowest (mean = 1.07; ANOVA, F = 376.59, p < 0.001). Satisfaction rose with difficulty severity, with “Cannot Do at All” users scoring highest (mean = 3.95; ANOVA, F = 1185.95, p < 0.001). These findings stress the value of outcome measurement in refining AT provision and tailoring policies to maximize satisfaction and impact, especially for underserved groups.

JACO is a wheelchair-mounted robotic arm designed to increase the social participation of wheelchair users with limited upper limb mobility. However, the determinants of user satisfaction and the psychosocial impact of long-term use of the JACO arm are not well documented. The objective was to evaluate the associations between user satisfaction regarding the technology and related services, psychosocial effects, and the duration of JACO arm use. In this cross-sectional study, 21 JACO users completed the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) and the short form of the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices (PIADS). Associations were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression analysis. User satisfaction regarding the services received for the JACO arm (β=0.40; p=0.04) and its duration of use (β=0.41; p=0.04) were positively associated with user satisfaction regarding the JACO arm (R²=0.36). Additionally, the psychosocial effects of using the JACO arm were positively correlated with user satisfaction regarding the services received for the JACO arm (r=0.436; p=0.048). Results highlighted the importance of providing quality services (e.g., delivery, repairs and follow-up services) adapted to the users’ needs to promote satisfaction with the AT and ensure long-term use.

Despite the increasing global demand for assistive technologies (AT), many individuals still face significant obstacles in accessing appropriate devices and services. This study investigates the experiences of people with disabilities and older adults in The Hague regarding access to and use of AT. Using a cross-sectional survey (n=192), we examined satisfaction, effectiveness, and barriers in obtaining AT. Results show that while most users find AT beneficial for their quality of life, some face challenges related to bureaucracy, lack of professional coordination, and unclear reimbursement procedures. Socioeconomic factors, such as income and living situation, are significantly associated with satisfaction with and effectiveness of AT. These findings highlight the need for streamlined AT provision processes and improved interprofessional collaboration to enhance accessibility and user satisfaction.

In this paper, two occupational therapists practicing and researching in very different contexts reflect upon definitions of assistive technology ‘use’. The implications of different definitions are explored through a review of the literature and in light of several current studies running in different countries. This practical session addresses how AT practitioners make decisions about terminology, and considers the links between uptake of assistive products, and the related provision of assistive services. The aim of the paper is to spark a dialogue among AAATE attendees for whom AT uptake is important. We will discuss some of the international directives which can assist practitioners and researchers to use consistent and meaningful definitions to more fully understand AT use, underuse and non-use.

Virtual Reality (VR) technology can pose a good alternative in cognitive testing to the original paper-and-pencil based tasks, however, the acceptance and user experience is often left unattended when it comes to developing cognition measuring tasks. In order to solely measure the effects induced by the VR device or environment, we created a 1:1 copy of a classical cognitive psychological test, the Corsi-Block Tapping Task, and digitalized it into a VR environment. We investigated if different age groups, from children to elderly, showed different rates on mood, emotion, VR experience and user experience questionnaires and if these results impacted their performance. Our pilot results indicate that age is decreasing factor on performance, however, VR makes no difference in that matter. Further data collection will allow us to conduct more analysis, gaining deeper insight into the potential effects. Assistive technologies should pay more attention to such factors, besides measuring performance, in order to comprehend a full picture of participants cognitive status.

Navigating complex indoor spaces is one of the challenges for individuals with blindness or visual impairments. Smartphone-based solutions offer a promising approach to addressing these challenges due to their affordability, accessibility, and practicality. This study systematically reviewed the literature on smartphone-based indoor navigation systems for blind and visually impaired individuals, focusing on technologies, techniques, and evaluation methods. From an initial pool of 840 studies, rigorous selection criteria yielded a final set of 16 papers. The review highlighted three main approaches for developing smartphone-based indoor navigation assistance: Sensor-based, Vision-based, and Hybrid methods. The findings underscore the potential of smartphones to enhance accessibility and inclusivity while emphasizing the importance of a user-centered design approach in future development efforts. By identifying trends and gaps, this study provides insights for advancing smartphone-based assistive technologies for indoor navigation.

Navigating large indoor environments poses significant challenges for persons with disabilities (PWDs), particularly those who are blind, visually impaired (BVI), or mobility impaired (MI). Accessible-assistive technologies (AATs) like MABLE (Mapping for Accessibility in BuiLt Environments) aim to bridge these gaps by promoting accessibility, independence, and inclusion. This study explores the potential impact and adoption of MABLE through two surveys targeting BVI and MI communities, assessing its capacity to enhance indoor navigation, quality of life, and employment opportunities.

Survey results reveal that MABLE is highly desirable, with 93% of respondents identifying its usefulness in unfamiliar environments and 82.5% expressing willingness to use it in familiar settings. Participants emphasized the importance of detailed, user-centered features such as accessible entrances, restrooms, ramps, elevators, and emergency exits. Preferred venues for MABLE use include airports, hotels, conference centers, shopping malls, and workplaces.

Despite its broad appeal, findings highlight varying adoption rates, particularly among unemployed respondents, underscoring the need to demonstrate MABLE’s broader benefits, such as fostering social engagement and independence. Overall, MABLE holds significant promise not only for BVI and MI users but also for other groups, offering a scalable and inclusive solution to improve accessibility within complex indoor environments.

PWDs have historically faced serious challenges hampering their ability to contribute equally, which is not only a violation of their human rights but a loss for societies and economies. The study focuses on Greece (Passenger Shipping), where disability benefits are low compared to what is the case internationally, and has the lowest expenditure internationally on disability benefits as a percentage of GDP. From the findings of the survey, we can see that the services provided on board are moderate and depend on the type of ship. Staff training is required and the State does not support actions to optimise transport for disabled people. Moreover, they consider it crucial to enrich the services on board with digital applications, as this would improve their autonomy.

Digital wayfinding systems hold great potential for supporting visually impaired individuals in their orientation and mobility (O&M). Despite advances in assistive technologies, many systems fail to adequately reflect possible user requirements. This study aims to synthesize and assess requirements for the design and implementation of digital guidance systems that align with user needs. A systematic literature review identified 25 potential requirements for such systems. These requirements were then validated through expert interviews employing a Likert-style scale. Further insights were generated by examining requirements with deviating assessments.

This work contributes to the field of assistive technology by providing insights regarding functional requirements for the development of effective digital wayfinding systems.

As the ageing population grows, older adults increasingly rely on wearable devices to monitor chronic conditions. However, conventional health data representations (HDRs) often present accessibility challenges, particularly for critical health parameters like blood pressure and sleep data. This study explores how older adults interact with these representations, identifying key barriers such as semantic inconsistency and difficulties in understanding. While research has primarily focused on data collection, less attention has been given to how information is output and understood by end-users. To address this, an end-user evaluation was conducted with 16 older adults (65+) in a structured workshop, using think-aloud protocols and participatory design activities. The findings highlight the importance of affordance and familiarity in improving accessibility, emphasising the familiarity and potential of multimodal cues. This study bridges the gap between domain experts and end-users, providing a replicable methodological approach for designing intuitive, multisensory HDRs that better align with older adults' needs and abilities.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming society, and its rapid advancement presents significant opportunities and challenges for older adults who, although likely to benefit from advances in AI, may also feel marginalised by these technological changes. Age-Friendly AI: Ireland’s National Artificial Intelligence Literacy Initiative will engage an estimated 60,000 older adults in meaningful dialogue, addressing their concerns and perspectives on AI adoption and equipping them with the knowledge to engage confidently with AI-driven technology. In this paper we present our ‘Age-Friendly AI: Ireland's National Artificial Intelligence Literacy Initiative’ that, through interactive workshops and co-creation sessions, aims to capture insights from older people across Ireland to co-create and co-evaluate accessible and inclusive AI literacy materials and to provide policymakers, researchers, and industry leaders with first-hand perspectives to drive more inclusive AI development.

Eligence is an advanced, scientifically grounded platform for personalized cognitive training, targeting individuals with mild cognitive impairment, dementia, or those in rehabilitation. Developed over a decade, it features over 30 gamified exercises focusing on key cognitive domains such as memory, logic, executive functioning, language, construction skills, orientation, and attention. These exercises can be performed independently or under supervision, providing flexibility through both synchronous and asynchronous sessions. The platform emphasizes accessibility with user-friendly interfaces and compatibility across various devices. Its modular architecture allows adaptability in diverse care environments, including homes and hospitals. Key functionalities include real-time progress monitoring, personalized session planning, and tools for healthcare professionals to evaluate cognitive performance. By integrating gamified mental stimulation with comprehensive data analytics, Eligence supports caregivers in delivering effective, user-centered care. This innovative approach positions Eligence as a transformative solution for enhancing digital health and addressing the complexities of aging populations in a digital healthcare landscape.

This paper explores the extent to which a rights-based approach was embraced by a large European project Smart and Healthy Ageing through People Engaging in Supportive Systems (or ‘SHAPES’ project).

Method

An independent researcher who had not previously been involved in the project examined project deliverables and undertook interviews with key disability stakeholders in the project. These were analysed in the context of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights’ Policy Guidance for Inclusive Research and Innovation.

Results

The indepedent researcher's findings were discussed with team members, identifying positive contributions of the project to advance the right to independent living and the right to health. The analysis also highlighted how the project could have enhanced its rights-based approach and identifies some missed opportunities.

Discussion

We present a checklist of 20 recommendations for enacting a rights-based approach to future disability and ageing research and implementation projects. We also call for digital and technology research to demonstrate stronger commitment to being self-critical and reflective in order to produce better and more empowering research.

Physical activity (PA) outdoors is important for maintaining health and well-being in older adults. This research aims to design technology that addresses barriers and facilitates outdoor physical activities for older adults, based on expert insights.

Expert interviews were conducted with physiotherapists, activity coordinators, and physical activity leaders (PALs) (n=8) to gather insights on effective PA and how technology can support older adults to engage in fun and socially engaging activities. Data from these interviews were analysed to inform the design process.Experts identified barriers to PA outdoors such as weather, safety concerns, and lack of support staff, as well as motivating activities like walking, yoga and golf. Recommendations for technology design arising from the work included user-friendly interfaces, adaptive features to suit older adults’ abilities, and motivational elements like music and rewards.The integration of expert insights will guide the development of technology tailored to older adults' needs and preferences; aiming to promote regular fun outdoor PA and improve quality of life and social connections. This research highlights the importance of expert perspectives in designing technology for older adults.

Up to 30% of autistic children experience significant verbal communication challenges, necessitating the use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). While AAC tools support language development and social participation, access alone does not ensure successful outcomes. Aided language input and coaching interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in improving AAC adoption, yet communication partners often require systematic training. Additionally, sensory processing differences impact engagement with AAC tools, affecting attention, interaction, and language learning. This paper explores a sensory-informed coaching model that integrates AAC strategies with sensory considerations. Through case vignettes, it highlights interdisciplinary coaching approaches that improve AAC use by addressing sensory sensitivities and enhancing engagement. Findings emphasize the importance of structured coaching programs for parents, educators, and peers to support AAC learning across environments. A sensory-informed approach to AAC implementation can optimize communication outcomes for autistic children, reinforcing the need for professional development and interdisciplinary collaboration in assistive technology.

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are frequently supported with Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) methods. These methods are those that support speech when this is impaired or inadequate. During AAC intervention graphic symbols are often included. The selection of the optimal graphic symbol collection is considered as a challenging task for speech and language pathologists (SLPs) mainly due to their client’s preferences as well as the symbols’ iconicity. To this day, there are very limited studies focusing on graphic symbol preferences, especially of students with ASD, as well as studies comparing the effects of iconicity on the graphic symbol preferences. This study aims to evaluate the preferences of students with ASD, on three commonly selected graphic symbol collections used in Cyprus, as well as their perceptions on the iconicity of those collections; comparing them with typically developed peers. A preference tool and an iconicity tool developed by the researcher have been administered with the aim to gain quantitative data from the students. It is anticipated that the outcomes of this study will highlight the importance of considering the preferences and perceptions of students with ASD when selecting graphic symbol collections since those might differ from other populations.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) is crucial for supporting the communication needs of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC) within inclusive education settings. This study explores a collaborative approach to developing effective AAC interventions through action research involving key stakeholders – professionals, families, children, and teachers – in Cyprus's co-design and implementation process. The research identifies facilitators and barriers to integrating AAC into inclusive classrooms, highlighting the importance of teamwork and shared decision-making among stakeholders. Preliminary findings highlight the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and active family involvement in successfully implementing AAC strategies. However, several challenges have emerged, including linguistic complexities related to the Greek language, stakeholder resistance, and limited assistive technology capacity among educators and professionals. These issues impact the accessibility, usability, and long-term sustainability of AAC solutions in educational settings. As data collection and analysis continue, this study aims to provide practical insights into effective AAC implementation, suggest strategies to overcome systemic barriers, and enhance stakeholder engagement. The findings contribute to the broader dialogue on inclusive education, assistive technology, and collaborative development of communication tools for children with ASC.

Snap-n-Tell is an innovative Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) app integrating Visual Scene Display (VSD) technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to empower individuals with speech disabilities. Unlike traditional grid-based AAC systems, Snap-n-Tell uses contextual photos and interactive points around elements in these photos referred to as "hotspots" to facilitate intuitive communication. Developed in collaboration with Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs), the app introduces features such as AI-driven automatic hotspot generation, "Easy Access Words" for quick, habitual communication, and "Transition-to-Literacy" to promote vocabulary learning through familiar contexts. A new feature named "Transition-to-Symbols" bridges users from VSD to grid-based systems, easing the adoption of pictograms when such individuals are cognitively ready to do so. Designed for Android, Snap-n-Tell addresses accessibility gaps, reduces caregiver setup time, and enhances user autonomy. Initial evaluations highlight its usability, effectiveness, and potential to improve communication for users with various cognitive and linguistic challenges. Snap-n-Tell exemplifies the synergy of AI and assistive technology in creating scalable, affordable, and impactful solutions for speech disabilities.

There are often many barriers that people with autism have to overcome, especially in the workplace. A key barrier to successful inclusion is communication. Assistive technology can help to overcome this barrier. The aim of a dissertation is to find out what assistive technology should look like and how it should function to support communication between people with and without autism spectrum disorder in a work context. To this end, qualitative interviews will be conducted and data collected using gamified cultural probes. This data will be used to determine what a suitable AT must look like physically or digitally and what functions it must have. It can be assumed that the use of social robotics and AI systems will play a role in this context. For the field of assistive technology, the research project is expected to provide valuable insights in the specific area of the study as well as a helpful basis for further studies in other contexts and with other target groups.

https://aaate2025.eu/extensible-knowledge-and-feedback-management-system-of-assistive-technologies-forpeople-with-epilepsy-part-1-epirate-rating-platform-for-collecting-feedback/

https://aaate2025.eu/continuum-of-care-coc/

https://aaate2025.eu/connect-deaf-application-and-connect-deaf-inclusive-education/

In education, note-taking is an important learning skill that influences learning success. Nowadays, various ICT (information and communication technologies) such as laptops, tablet computers and note-taking apps allow students to take notes in many different forms. This can be particularly helpful for university students with specific learning difficulties, as ICT note-taking tools have the potential to support them in circumventing their specific learning difficulties, which can impact on note-taking and learning. However, the use of ICT as an assistive note-taking tool is highly dependent on students' choices. This pilot study examines the practices of using information and communication technologies (ICT) for note-taking among students at the Faculty of Education at the University of Ljubljana. The study involved 40 students without special educational needs and 20 students with specific learning difficulties. The data was collected using an online questionnaire. Based on the results, the study outlines the development of an assistive ICT tool for note-taking that takes into account the identified students’ practices and reported needs.

Ensuring equitable access to educational imagery for blind and visually impaired (BVI) learners is paramount, as traditional resources often rely on visual content. This paper explores how advanced computer vision tools can enhance image accessibility in three educational contexts: Whale Comparisons, Animal Fur Patterns, and Leaf Identification. We integrate Yolo-World, a zero-shot object detection model, with the Segment Anything Model (SAM) to detect, segment, and mask relevant objects. These outputs are converted into tactile representations through image simplification, outline extraction, and optional Canny edge detection.

A user study with seven BVI participants demonstrates that combining AI-generated textual descriptions and tactile outputs significantly improved comprehension of complex visual concepts, as reflected by the System Usability Scale (SUS) scores and scenario-specific questionnaire responses. Although the multimodal approach was well-received, one participant reported difficulties in independently navigating the system, highlighting the need for improved guidance and more intuitive interfaces. Our findings underscore the potential of AI-driven image processing for expanding educational opportunities and fostering greater independence among BVI learners.

Educational systems have long faced the challenge of designing learning environments that effectively address the considerable intra- and inter-individual variability among students. While contemporary educational paradigms advocate for the personalization of learning opportunities and the universality of learning contexts as fundamental principles, the structural foundations of most school systems remain rooted in the demands of a bygone era: the Industrial Age. A paradigmatic shift is therefore imperative to meet the evolving calls of contemporary society. Achieving this transformation requires a strategic investment in the development of teachers' professional competencies, a critical lever for pedagogical innovation, with technology playing an essential role in facilitating this transition.

In response to this need, the web-based platform *** was developed. Grounded in a comparative analysis of diverse models of differentiated instruction, the platform integrates these frameworks into a unified conceptual model. It is designed not only to support educators in the development of differentiated learning pathways but also to cultivate a deeper transformation in the cognitive processes underlying instructional design. The platform was implemented and evaluated over two academic years in teacher training programs. This study examines its effectiveness in fostering personalized learning and explores the barriers and facilitators influencing its practical application.

This paper describes the preliminary results of a single-case study of inclusive learning carried out through an education technology addressed to students with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in upper secondary schools. It was aimed at investigating how technology can contribute for reducing problematic behaviors, increasing attention, collaboration, as well as self-control in students with ADHD. Also, the study focused on the effect of learning coding through a specific education platform, including the acquisition of positive social and relational skills. The study methodology is based on naturalistic observations and reflections on qualitative data. Although the data collection is on-going, some interesting results emerged from the confrontations with teachers and students involved suggesting possible future trajectories of research on the use of education technology addressed to students with ADHD.

This research aims to investigate the implementation of digital device policies in Greek high schools through a secondary analysis of PISA 2022 data. It examines the extent of implementation of these policies, their relationship with school characteristics (e.g., community type, public/private status and the presence of students with educational disadvantage) and their impact on students' self-efficacy in digital skills and digital literacy. The research focuses in particular on the relationship between these policies and the outcomes of students facing educational disadvantage (low socio-economic level, migrant background). Therefore, the study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how digital device policies are linked to school contexts and learning outcomes within the Greek education system.

The Erasmus+ project “Empower: ME - I’m game!” aims to develop an educational digital game to enhance self-esteem in students aged 12-14 with Special Educational Needs, specifically with SLD, high functioning Autism, and ADHD, benefiting from digital technologies for improving socio-emotional development.The collaboration involves Italy, Germany, and Turkey, specifically University of Salento, educational institutions, and organizations in education, media, and game development. The University of Salento is a key reference due to Italy’s experience in school integration and inclusion. The Italian team researchers specialized in SEN has explored the concept of self-esteem in relation to pre-adolescent students and students with SEN and provided recommendations and guidelines for accessibility of the game like customizable interfaces with dyslexia-friendly fonts, dynamic and progressive feedback, adaptive difficulty levels, and progress tracking to support a tailored learning experience. The prototype will be developed in an intensive camp involving students, pedagogists, SEN teachers, and game developers. The game will be tested in Turkish and German schools, with a pre- and post-test phase to evaluate its effectiveness in improving self-esteem. This project highlights the potential of inclusive gaming and technology to overcome educational and social barriers, fostering innovative strategies to enhance self-efficacy and motivation in SEN students.

The increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in sign language translation is often framed as a breakthrough in accessibility. However, the top-down approach in AI-driven sign language technologies largely positions Deaf individuals as passive stakeholders rather than active decision-makers. This leads to the proliferation of projects such as signing gloves and avatars, often developed without meaningful Deaf involvement. While international regulatory frameworks, including the European AI Act 2024/1689 and the 2023 U.S. President’s Executive Order on AI, attempt to address AI ethics, they fail to consider the specific challenges of AI-driven sign language translation and its broader implications for Deaf empowerment. Furthermore, discussions around AI and Deaf communities remain narrowly focused on sign language translation, overlooking AI’s potential to support Deaf education, language acquisition, and broader accessibility. This presentation critiques these gaps, drawing on literature and qualitative data from social media discussions and questionnaires, and introduces a Deaf-led approach to AI governance. The #DeafSafeAI initiative, developed by the Coalition on Sign Language Equity in Technology (Co-SET), is presented as a framework for ensuring ethical AI development that centers Deaf perspectives, advocating for a shift from technological solutionism to true inclusivity.

Context. Twenty-seven percent of Canadians (aged 15 and older) live with a disability, which may limit their participation in outdoor leisure physical activities (OLPAs) and lead to social isolation. [Blinded for review], in collaboration with researchers from [blinded for review], has developed a digital platform (Tandem Actif) that connects people with disabilities (PWDs) who want to participate in OLPAs and trained volunteers who are available to provide support. This paper presents our study methodology to evaluate the acceptance of the pairing platform among PWDs and volunteers.

Methods. This multiple case study will be conducted over three months and follows a mixed-methods research design. Twenty participants will be recruited (ten PWDs and ten volunteers). Three sessions and an online logbook will assess the acceptance of an online pairing tool, with a concluding focus group exploring factors influencing its use.

Conclusions. This study will provide insights into the acceptance of a digital pairing tool for adapted OLPAs. Preliminary results will provide valuable insights into users' experience with the pairing process and guide platform improvements to minimize dropouts and promote sustainable use.

A critical barrier for widespread adoption of assistive technologies (ATs) in the care practice is a lack of knowledge. Especially people with chronical diseases like epilepsy are highly interested in ATs to improve their health and quality of life. Despite this interest the actual use of these devices is extremely low. In order to address this gap, we are currently conducting the TXT project which has the aim to develop a database which contains information about ATs in epilepsy and a web-based platform to gather patients’ and caregivers’ ratings of ATs. TXT is thought to be a knowledge and feedback management system serving patients with epilepsy as well as their caregivers. TXT will be developed in four phases, with iterative usability testing planned with the target groups throughout the process. Three of the four phases are expected to be completed at the time of the conference, at which results can be presented. The aim of the present contribution is to describe the overall rationale for the development, evaluation and implementation of TXT in the context of a tertiary-care epilepsy center.

AppLOAD is an innovative solution proposed by a community organization to address the problems of finding accessible housing and aims at the self-determination of their members. No studies exist measuring residential autonomy for individuals with physical disabilities. Objectives were to 1-document the usability of the integrated web platform, i.e. effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction of the platform), and 2- to explore the impact of the use of the integrated web platform on the self-determination of people with disabilities in relation to residential autonomy. A mixed methodology based on a non-experimental cross-sectional design was adopted. Three questionnaires were developped to capture usability and self-determination. Two participants were recruited. Effectiveness was poor (6/12, 6/15). Self-determination was moderate (10/15, 8/20) as satisfaction (3.5 /5, 3.4/5).

The aim was to review the outcome measures used to evaluate the impact of Environmental Control Systems (ECSs) to inform future studies. A systematic literature review was undertaken, initially 158 records were retrieved but this was reduced to five articles applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The outcome measures used in the studies were reviewed and summarised. Two articles were companion pieces using the same data set and methodology. All participants in the studies had spinal cord injuries.

A range of outcome measures were found, including unstructured and structured interviews, focus groups and questionnaires. Themes were extracted using various techniques. Only one study used an established outcome measurement tool (SCI-QOL). None undertook pre intervention baseline measures.

There is a paucity of research in this area with no established or widely used outcomes measures (evaluation methodology). Further work is needed in exploring outcome measures and establishing an evidence base for the commissioning and improvement of ECS and services.

Access to appropriate mobility aids is crucial for individuals with locomotor impairments, yet many in India lack access to well-fitted assistive devices. This study evaluates the long-term impact of customized wheelchairs on mobility, independence, and overall quality of life. A longitudinal study was conducted with 43 participants, assessing outcomes three months and two years after receiving customized wheelchairs. Data were collected using the WHOQOL, FEW, and PIADS scales, with paired t-tests performed to determine statistical significance. Results indicate sustained improvements in mobility, psychosocial well-being, and daily functioning, with a 12.5% increase in FEW scores and notable gains in quality of life and independence. Despite these benefits, challenges such as accessibility to repairs and affordability persist. The findings highlight the need for better support structures, including repair services, peer mentorship programs, and policy initiatives to enhance affordability. Addressing these barriers could ensure that individuals with disabilities experience long-term benefits from customized mobility solutions, ultimately fostering greater independence and inclusion

Access to spatial information is essential for many daily activities, yet it remains a significant
challenge for blind and visually impaired people (BVIP). This paper investigates user interface (UI)
concepts for conveying spatial information and explores current research trends, emerging
technologies, and regional differences in the field. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was
conducted, combined with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic modeling to identify key research
areas and categorize existing approaches. Findings suggest an evolving research focus driven by
advancements in mobile applications, sensor integration, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), and
machine learning. Regional differences and shifting trends highlight the need for innovative solutions
that address affordability, accessibility, and interoperability. This paper aims to provide a
comprehensive overview of the current state of research while identifying gaps and future
opportunities in the development of spatial user interfaces for BVIP.

In the Netherlands, approximately 451,900 people suffer from stroke effects, with 80% experiencing reduced arm-hand dexterity [1]. These individuals benefit from a rehabilitation tool that can be used independently, encouraging frequent use and providing direct progress insights, such as increased hand or finger strength. HandForce (Haptic Force Feedback on Object-manipulation in Real and Computational Environments) aims to design a hand rehabilitation tool with the following objectives: 1) home use by clients, 2) visual feedback on a computer screen or tablet, 3) Force feedback to clients and 4) integration with Virtual Reality (VR) games when possible, Although technologies like VR, gaming, and motion tracking are largely available, they are not yet specifically applicable to hand rehabilitation. Key elements such as touch, grip force, frictional resistance, and object resistance are minimally represented in the virtual world. This project explores how hand-object manipulation can be simulated in a virtual environment to match the real, physical experience, making it a useful tool for hand rehabilitation. Outcome measures and user requirements are assessed with hand therapists and patients.

The project consortium is formed by 2 knowledge institutions, 9 SMEs, and 2 rehab centres.

Psychological outcomes are known to influence participation in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) for people with disabilities (PWD). Virtual Reality (VR) may help target important psychological outcomes for PWD, but there has been limited documentation to date. The aim of this study is to identify outcomes used to assess psychological factors and to summarize the influence of VR among PWD. A scoping review was done and found six articles examining psychological outcomes, reporting positive impacts of VR on presence, motivation and arousal. Future research is needed to further explore how VR may enhance motivation, a major predictor of LTPA behavior.

The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the types of AI-enabled Orientation &

Mobility Technologies (AIOMTs) that have been developed for use by blind and visually impaired

individuals and explore the multifaceted role of trust in its adoption and use. By synthesizing existing

research, the review identifies the functional roles played by AIOMTs and key factors influencing

trust, including system design, user interaction, and contextual considerations. Furthermore, this

work examines how technology design, functional role, and trust impact the adoption, efficacy,

and long-term engagement with AIOMTs. The findings provide a comprehensive framework for

future research and development, emphasizing user-centered approaches and trust calibration

mechanisms.

This research seeks to help blind individuals by developing an AI powered assistive technology to minimize common distraction issues in guide dogs. Using a machine learning model, we can now accurately detect when a guide dog gets distracted, by processing real-time camera footage. Three recent advances have made this research possible: (1) the development of X-Y coordinate pose estimation for animals via DeepLabCut, (2) Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models that generalize patterns within data, and (3) GPU computational power available on demand through Google Colab. Our research methodology focuses on analyzing hours of guide dog footage, extracting and mapping body part coordinates across frames, and training an ML model to recognize postural indicators of distraction events. The model, which can then be applied to real-time camera footage, through a chest mounted device, to predict, with high probability, when a distraction event is likely to occur, providing an early warning system for visually impaired guide dog handlers.

Mobility is the process of moving form a source location to destination in safe and reliable manner. It is a precursor for seeking education and employment. Consider an example of walking to school in a city, where a person may need to take turns, follow the road/sidewalk, avoid incoming persons/obstacles finally reach the entry point of the destination. Because of the absence of visual sense, it is a day-to-day problem for blind and visually impaired (BVI) people. First we identify four key aspects of route navigation namely (i) high-level mobility, (ii) low-level mobility, (iii) path correction, and (iv) last-mile navigation and collate the challenges faced by visually impaired persons. We conduct a survey of (i) literature, (ii) products, as well as small (but representational) set of user interaction to assess the use and challenges with the assistive technologies available for each aspect. Our findings reveal that majority of research efforts have focused on obstacle avoidance and high-level navigation separately. The problem of reliably homing to a landmark separating the outdoor and indoor navigation remains largely unaddressed. These findings can help in designing navigation aids that aim to provide holistic solution to assist BVI pedestrians in outdoor environment.

Dysphagia, or the difficulty swallowing, severely impacts the physical and mental health of many dementia patients, yet, current solutions are limited and rarely focus on improving the mealtime experience. This research investigates how assistive technologies can enhance mealtime experiences of dementia patients with dysphagia through literature review, interviews, observations, prototyping, expert evaluations, and patient testing. The findings offer insights into the development, implementation, functionality, and design of assistive technologies, highlighting the importance of making them customizable, robust, and affordable, among other things. These outcomes can provide a foundation for future research, which could lead to refined assistive technologies that significantly improve the quality of life of dementia patients with dysphagia and of those close to them.

The SHAPES pan-European pilot campaign aimed to enhance older adults' health, well-being, and autonomy while promoting sustainable health and social care systems through smart technology interventions. Conducted across 11 countries and 15 pilot sites and 7 piloting themes, the SHAPES prog engaged older adults, caregivers, and professionals to validate interoperable innovations. Given the need to answer broader questions about the utility of digital supports for older adults' quality-of-liofe, this study reports on a secondary analysis of harmonized psychosocial outcome data collected from 283 participants at baseline, end-of-pilot, and three-month follow-up across all of the SHAPES pilot themes. Findings indicate moderate-to-large improvements in environmental quality of life (QOL), self-rated health-related quality of life (HRQOL), perceived social support, and system usability. Anxiety and depression levels slightly declined, but no significant changes were observed in psychological, physical, or social relationship domains of QOL. Notably, HRQOL declined following the withdrawal of technology, raising ethical considerations regarding the sustainability of such interventions. While findings suggest that technology can positively shape older adults' social and environmental contexts, further analyses are needed to disentangle these relationships. These results underscore the importance of continued technological support for ageing populations and the potential consequences of its removal.

Digital Home Care (DHC) may enable elderly people and people with chronic diseases to continue living at home despite their disabilities or medical challenges. The study aims to explore the use of DHC and document experiences from elderly people and people with chronic conditions. A mixed method approach was implemented. In total 52 older adults and persons with chronic conditions receiving DHC answered a questionnaire. Professional health care personnel providing DHC participated in a half day workshop discussing their experiences. The users receiving DHC expressed their satisfaction with DHC, and more than half of the users preferred DHC, while few users preferred traditional home visits. Increased safety, independence and flexibility together with improved health competences among the users were frequently reported. These findings were confirmed by the health care personnel. Log in to the App was reported as a challenge by some users. Our study demonstrate that DHC was appreciated by the users, but further studies on expanding the user groups, facilitating implementation and documenting long term impact of DHC are needed.

The aging population poses major challenges to healthcare, social integration and individual well-being. Emotional support chatbots using artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) hold great promise to promote independent living and reduce social isolation. In this study, a hybrid chatbot based on the Rasa framework that integrates rule-based, retrieval-based and generative techniques to provide emotional support is developed and evaluated. The chatbot consists of three modules: a rule-based module for predefined tasks (Diary, Memory, Reminder), a retrieval-based module that uses a dialog database for emotional support, and a generative module that is fine-tuned based on multiple data sets. A switching mechanism enables adaptive responses. Initial experiments showed that the rule-based module handled predefined scenarios effectively, while the retrieval-based and generative modules needed improvements. By extending the dialog database and fine-tuning state-of-the-art LLMs, we were able to improve the responses quality and contextual adaptation. However, maintaining conversational coherence remains a challenge. This study demonstrates the potential of hybrid chatbot architectures for emotional support of older adults and provides insights for future improvements in assistive technology. Future research will focus on optimizing the generative module through prompt engineering and agent techniques as well as reducing response latency for practical use.

Health and social care (HSC) are marked by interwoven challenges of increasing need and demand, integrating digitisation, and rights-based imperatives. Participatory governance may empower individuals and communities by involving them directly in decision-making processes and may be associated with better outcomes, but attitudes to it across Europe are unclear. We aimed to survey public attitudes around participatory governance.

A cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey was administered to a European sample (N=1198). The survey assessed attitudes to governance in HSC, with particular reference to a digital health platform. Demographic and psychosocial data were collected. Data were analysed quantitatively.

A majority endorsed health systems, governments, or the EU to own/operate/be trusted to manage data-sharing digital health platforms. There were positive dispositions to sharing data and patient or public participation in governance. Participants reported concerns about rights, ethical data use, and limited opportunities for governance participation. Age, education, rurality, income, activity limitation, digital confidence, technology acceptance, health literacy, and trust correlated with data sharing and governance. Differences between countries were evident. Women were more concerned about rights and ethical data use.

Findings may assist in developing participatory models for governing digital networks in HSC. Such participation may advance inclusion in governing, decision-making, and oversight.

Patients with diseases such as ALS requiring respiratory management and using a ventilator through a tracheotomy are unable to vocalize because air cannot reach the vocal cords. For such patients, the air is delivered into the trachea through the tracheal orifice by an oxygen cylinder or an oxygen supply system in the hospital room, and the airflow vibrates the vocal cords to produce a vocalization. We have researched a system for controlling an electric artificial larynx using myoelectric signals in the neck. We have designed a system that uses a small pump as an air supply device by applying a control system. We have also developed a pump unit shape using multiple small pumps with piezoelectric elements. In this presentation, we will discuss the results of finite element simulations of a new shape that has the potential to increase the flow rate and pressure by applying the principles of vacuum ejectors.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents significant challenges in healthcare accessibility due to heightened anxiety and sensory sensitivities. The XXXX project introduces a multidisciplinary approach to mitigate these barriers through adaptive, non-invasive technologies and inclusive care protocols. Key innovations include real-time stress monitoring via facial image analysis and chair-based ballistocardiography, designed to dynamically assess and respond to anxiety levels. Preliminary results from testing these technologies suggest promising potential in improving care experiences, paving the way for more inclusive, patient-centred healthcare solutions.

https://aaate2025.eu/easy-web-check/

https://aaate2025.eu/adaptation-of-an-existing-accessibility-maturity-model-for-broader-application/

https://aaate2025.eu/ottitor-ai-powered-digital-accessibility-auditing-tool/

https://aaate2025.eu/world-wide-web-consortium-w3c-accessibility-maturity-model/

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform education for students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) by providing tailored support that nurtures their potential and well-being. The aim of this study was to explore how ChatGPT can enhance the inclusion and well-being of students with ASD. To this end, a qualitative study was conducted, during which an intervention with ChatGPD was implemented in the Special Unit. Participants were six students, one teacher and three school assistants. Data were collected with participative observation and interview. It was found that there were recurring themes in the students inquiries, preference for detailed and structured information, repeated focus on specific topics or areas of interest (e.g. cars), and questions related to social skills, emotional understanding, or coping strategies. ChatGPT served as a safe and non-judgmental medium for students to express emotional concerns or seek help. As a result, targeted interventions were designed and teaching strategies were tailored, so as to incorporate instructions, aids and guidance, based on the students’ queries.

People with disabilities often encounter difficulties reading and understanding documents and correspondence from authorities, often due to complex terminology. In this context, Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is a promising way to facilitate independence and participation. This paper presents a participatory research project from Germany in which an AI-enabled application is being developed to assist people with learning disabilities understand written text. 13 people with intellectual disabilities participate as peer researchers and have decisive power over the project development and implementation. First results are presented, including novel structures to cooperate and foster participation, as well as implications for design, fields of applications and functions. The results highlight the benefits of involving user groups in technology development and the need for appropriate research methods as well as methods for designing participatory processes.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in special education has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing learning outcomes for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Existing systematic reviews highlight AI’s positive impact on cognitive, academic, and socio-emotional development; however, they often lack a nuanced analysis of its practical implementation. This systematic review investigates the specific challenges and opportunities associated with AI-driven learning technologies, particularly in adaptive education for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Using a PRISMA-guided methodology, we analyzed studies published between November 2021 and November 2024 from SCOPUS, EBSCO, PsycInfo, ProQuest, and two education-focused preprint servers (EdArXiv and SocArXiv). The results indicate that AI significantly enhances personalized learning, motivation, and social interaction. Nevertheless, challenges such as the steep learning curve for educators, ethical concerns regarding data privacy, and disparities in accessibility hinder effective implementation. This review contributes to the theoretical discourse on AI-driven education and offers practical recommendations for future AI integration in special education.

Incorporating AI technology into our OCR software for STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics), "InftyReader Online" (IRO) is developed. It is a web site to provide dyslexic students with an innovative online service to convert STEM contents in PDF or PowerPoint into various accessible forms. In IRO, we adopt Google Cloud Vision API as an OCR engine, which enables IRO to recognize multilingual STEM contents. In mathematics recognition, both the Google and our STEM-OCR engines are used to improve accuracy. Furthermore, AI-based object detection enables IRO to decide a typeface to a certain extent.

As a new type of accessible books for dyslexic students, "Fixed-layout DAISY" is also developed. In Fixed-layout DAISY, the whole page is treated as a multi-layer picture, the second layer of which has the same form as the original print document (the page image). A DAISY (EPUB3) player can read out any texts on the transparent front layer together with highlighting them. Even if the page layout of the original document is very complicated, almost automatic conversion into Fixed-layout DAISY can be carried out. It should be a powerful/effective tool to realize reasonable accommodation in school examinations.

This study investigates the differences in the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in inclusive versus special school settings, with a specific focus on assistive technologies. Using a systematic review approach, we analyzed data from the literature, including the recent review by Bosse and Nussbaumer (2024), and incorporated findings from a secondary data analysis. Our results indicate significant differences in the adoption and implementation of assistive technologies across settings. Special schools tend to have higher integration of assistive technologies due to specialized support structures, whereas inclusive settings face challenges related to accessibility, teacher training, and resource limitations.

Moreover, while special schools benefit from structured support systems that facilitate the integration of assistive technologies, inclusive settings often struggle with inconsistent policy frameworks and a lack of customized support. The findings suggest that disparities in ICT adoption are not only a result of available resources but also of broader institutional and pedagogical factors. By analyzing these differences, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on digital inclusion and educational equity, highlighting best practices, policy implications, and areas for future research to enhance ICT accessibility across educational environments.

At present, technological innovation is vital for sustainable, high-quality care. Yet, implementing such innovations is complex and requires careful decision-making. This study, conducted in collaboration with four elderly care organizations, aimed to develop a value appraisal tool to support decision making regarding health technology implementation. The tool was created through stakeholder analysis, literature review, checklist development, and validation. Stakeholders included clients, informal caregivers, care professionals, care teams, and organizational managers. Aspects related to technology, financial considerations, and regulatory requirements were also included. Key values, needs, and preconditions for each stakeholder were identified and translated into a comprehensive checklist. This was validated via scoping reviews and interviews for six technologies, e.g. medication dispensers and lifestyle monitoring. The current tool offers a structured approach to assess the value of technologies, balancing evidence with the specific needs and capacities of organizations. By actively involving diverse stakeholders and identifying critical success factors, it supports the sustainable implementation of innovations. This approach has significant implications for advancing the adoption of technologies, as part of the broad field of assistive technology, emphasizing the need for inclusivity, contextual adaptation, and systematic evaluation in care innovation.

Which outcomes should we measure to demonstrate the transformative power of assistive technology (AT)? The answer may differ according to whether the question is being asked by an AT provider or funder; by practitioners involved with a certain type of AT such as assistive products for vision, or prosthetics; or - as represented in the World Health Organization’s People-Centred 5P Assistive Technology Model - by the person central to the AT process being the AT user themselves. This paper presents My Assistive Technology Outcomes Framework, an AT outcome measure co-produced with AT users. My Assistive Technology Outcomes Framework captures data regarding the supports service delivery pathways and customer experience of AT users. It also measures the outcomes, costs and cost benefits, and human rights realised or not yet realised with assistive products and services. The development of the My Assistive Technology Outcomes Framework will be briefly covered. Use cases of the Framework which have been co-produced with AT users will be presented. Implications for further development and adaptation of the Framework for use by AT users in different contexts will be discussed.

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are viewed as high quality evidence, and practitioners often look to CPGs to guide evidence-based practice. An a priori review protocol was established to identify and describe the assistive technology (AT) guidance offered within CPGs globally for adults and older adults living with progressive or complex conditions. This protocol, and results from a search of CPGs, will be presented. Important findings include the significant underrepresentation of AT within guidelines; the varied terminology used to describe assistive products and services in the small body of CPGs which did report on AT; the pressing need for use of internationally agreed assistive product classification and terminology to both inform practice and enable comparison of outcomes across studies; and the imperative for further investment in research on AT effectiveness, and translation of current evidence into clinical practice guidance. To further develop the evidence base we will also discuss how the established review protocol can be adapted to suit specific cohorts of AT user, and types of AT.

The SALSA project (Sensorisation, Automation for Freedom, Security and Autonomy) aims to enhance the quality of life for individuals with disabilities in shared living environments in Milan (Italy). By using technological solutions like smart lights and monitoring bracelets, the project seeks to increase independence and safety for residents and to reduce the burden of care on professional operators. The study, conducted by CB, FDG and ISF, will recruit fifty-five participants with mental, social, and/or motor disabilities. The study will observe the impact of these technologies on residents' daily lives, focusing on individual and group goals, usability, and specific metrics. Data will be collected at three intervals T0, T1, T2 (baseline, after 30 days of use, and after 60 days) using Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) and System Usability Scale (SUS). The data will be analysed to assess the effectiveness of the technological solutions. The study aims to provide insights into the benefits of these technologies and inform future research and applications. The protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee.

The Assistive Technology Assessment – Impact (ATA-Impact) tool aims to provide a measure of the impact of assistive technology (AT) on users’ participation, economic well-being, and quality of life. The first development phase was completed by an expert author group that developed a draft version (V0) of the ATA-Impact tool in 2021 based on a literature review and WHO global consultation. The tool (V0) was then circulated to 20 AT experts for their review and feedback on its content, structure, and usability, resulting in 109 comments. The second phase of development is ongoing since 2024. As part of this phase, the tool was refined based on an analysis of experts’ comments and an updated systematic review, which led to improvements in question clarity and relevance. A development group was established, and this group reviewed the refined tool and provided feedback. The next steps include a new round of expert evaluation to further assess preliminary validity and usability before piloting in multiple countries. The ATA-Impact tool is expected to contribute significantly to evidence-based policymaking and service delivery, enabling governments and stakeholders to assess and improve AT access globally.

This study investigated handrail usage patterns in stroke hemiplegic patients during stair descent. A handrail sensor was used to measure the force direction on the handrail of 16 patients, and the acquired data was analyzed. Using the clustering algorithm, the force direction data was classified into two patterns: pulling (positive shear force) and pushing (negative shear force). A significant difference was observed in the paretic hip abduction angle, with increased abduction in the pulling pattern and decreased abduction in the pushing pattern. These differences suggest distinct movement strategies to compensate for pelvic tilt corresponding to handrail usage angle.

The integration of adaptive learning and AI gamification has opened new possibilities for personalized education, particularly for students with severe learning difficulties (SLD) and profound and multiple learning disabilities (PMLD). Despite these advancements, there is a significant lack of tools capable of dynamically measuring and adaptively challenging students' physical response times, which are critical for motor skill development and engagement. This study investigates the impact of rule based adaptive difficulty in a "Whac-a-Mole" game on physical response metrics, specifically reaction time and hit consistency. By utilizing AI algorithms, the system dynamically adjusts task difficulty based on individual performance, ensuring an optimal balance of challenge and ability. Additionally, the research aims to establish baseline physical response data for each student with SLD and PMLD to better identify milestones, track progress, and support individualized learning goals. Preliminary findings suggest that the adaptive approach enhances engagement, improves response time consistency, and provides valuable data for educators and therapists to monitor physical and cognitive development. This study contributes to the development of dynamic, data-driven tools that foster measurable progress in physical response skills within adaptive educational settings.

Turning is a high-risk activity for falls. The Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), commonly used to assess fall risk, involves standing, walking, and turning. However, the cone used in the TUG does not replicate the spatial separation seen in daily life, such as walls and furniture. The effect of different turning center designs on gait is not apparent, thus potentially overlooking gait characteristics due to daily environments. This study investigated the effect of turning center design in TUG using a pole to obstruct the upper space and cone as conventional. Sarcoma patients were selected because their motor function is often impaired due to prosthetic or artificial joint surgeries, making them suitable for comparison with healthy individuals. Participants performed TUG using a cone and pole, respectively, and their joint angles and spatiotemporal parameters were measured. Results showed significant group differences only with the cone, where patients exhibited smaller trunk lateral flexion and lumbar elevation angles than healthy individuals. However, with the pole, the trunk lateral bending angle during turning widely varied in patients. These findings suggest that while the cone helps assess disease-related functional changes, poles may be more appropriate for evaluating gait abnormalities depending on disease severity.

This study aimed to develop a mixed reality (MR) application for the rehabilitation of individuals with hemineglect. The proposed application involves an activity to practice visual scanning and to stimulate the lower limbs through interaction with virtual objects alternately generated on both sides of the individual.

MR devices do not natively support interaction via lower limbs. Therefore, different methods for integrating this functionality were analyzed. After exploring various possibilities, the most viable options were the MR device's controllers and the integration of a 3rd party external tracking system, both attached to the feet. Consequently, an in-depth comparison was conducted between the Meta Quest 3 controllers and the HTC VIVE Ultimate Trackers.

In addition, for more accurate exercise evaluation and monitoring, a specific module was programmed to acquire limb angle data using a digital goniometer via Bluetooth. This data source, combined with live visualization of the activity, provides healthcare professionals with a valuable tool for assessing the individual’s progress in the rehabilitation process.

The Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) is a widely utilized clinical tool designed to assess dynamic balance and functional mobility in individuals with balance impairments. It evaluates four key domains of balance: anticipatory postural adjustments, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, and dynamic gait. Despite its clinical utility, scoring the Mini-BESTest relies heavily on subjective human assessment, which introduces variability in settings requiring frequent and longitudinal monitoring. In recent years, assistive technology based on inertial measurement units (IMUs) have emerged as a promising technology to provide quantitative, continuous and more objective measurements of human movement. By leveraging sensors embedded in IMUs, it is possible to capture detailed kinematic information relevant to balance and mobility. We investigated the feasibility of scoring Mini-BESTest exercises using assistive technology based on 3-axis accelerometer sensors embedded in IMUs positioned at four distinct body locations. For each Mini-BESTest exercise, we analyzed at which extent IMUs can be used for scoring, highlighting strengths and weaknesses and possible overcomes.

The ISABELLA project, developed under the Horizon2020 Pharaon Second Open Call, aimed to enhance the autonomy and well-being of older adults through digital monitoring solutions. Building on the IoT-per-il-Sociale platform, a low-intrusion system for remote monitoring of environmental and behavioral data, the project scaled its capabilities across diverse care settings and integrated additional technologies to address the challenges of aging and the digital divide. The project focused on three main actions: (1) Pilots, testing sheltered apartments with on-site caregivers and private homes monitored remotely via eCare services; (2) Integration of Pharaon Technologies, incorporating uGrid for energy monitoring, SenTab for social engagement, and RRD eHealth/PACO for health tracking; and (3) Digital Training Groups (DTGs), designed to empower older adults with digital skills and confidence. Results demonstrated high usability and acceptance of the system both in the pilots and in the post integration of new technologies. Participants highlighted features like real-time alerts and user-friendly interfaces, supporting improved caregiving practices. DTGs effectively bridged the digital divide, fostering confidence and willingness to adopt technology. ISABELLA provides valuable insights into the role of digital solutions in supporting active aging and caregiving efficiency, showcasing the potential for broader application in diverse care contexts.

Multimorbidity affects over 50 million Europeans, challenging healthcare systems designed for single-condition management. Digital health technologies, like the ProACT platform, offer a promising solution, yet adoption remains limited. The SEURO project investigates the integration and impact of ProACT in Italy through an Inductive Simultaneous Exploratory (ISE) trial across two organizations: ASP Città di Bologna and ASP Terre di Castelli. The study followed four phases: selection, pre-deployment, deployment (4-6 months), and evaluation. Data collection included qualitative focus groups and quantitative usability assessments (System Usability Scale). Results highlight usability challenges, the need for continuous training, and the importance of dedicated support professionals. While digital literacy influenced engagement, ProACT improved self-management, professional-user relationships, and service accessibility, especially in rural areas. Findings emphasize the importance of interoperability and structured implementation for scaling digital health solutions. These insights inform best practices for integrating assistive technologies in healthcare systems.

Nursing homes accommodate increasing numbers of people with dementia, with increasingly severe stages of dementia. With the growing pressure on care, a multi-sensory room may be a solution, by improving the social and emotional wellbeing of people with dementia. In this qualitative study, the perspectives of family and formal caregivers on the use and adoption of a multi-sensory room was researched. The goal was to improve the implementation and use of the room in a Dutch nursing home. Focus groups revealed three main psychological themes that influence the use of the room by family members, namely: the level of knowledge about the room, how competent one feels to use it independently and the need to connect with the person with dementia. Semi-structured interviews with caregivers showed four psychological factors that play a role in the effective use of the multi-sensory room: feelings of overpower, uncertainty and lack of knowledge about the room, enthousiasm and social influence of colleagues. Recommendations include: clear, non-written instructions; social meetings for family; a training to effectively communicate purpose and benefits of this innovation, and emphasizing the communication and relational connection that can be strengthened between people with dementia and family members through the multi-sensory room.

The prevalence of dementia in the years to come as estimated by the WHO pinpoints an emerging challenge for health systems. On the early stage of dementia that precedes the onset of severe dementia, older people are still independent at home, while this status is temporary and at stake. Assistive Technology (AT) can play a vital role combined with a supportive framework and medical monitoring.

Investigating the potential of AT by integrating and adopting a smart home based system that can assist performing daily activities is a field lacking research in real time setting. This research suggests assessing and monitoring efficacy and usability of AT in five households for early dementia patients recruited from the Outdoor Memory Clinic over a specific period. For this purpose a smart home system will be installed and the research will be conducted through specially designed questionnaires addressed to the end users and caregivers.

Implementing solutions of home based assistive technology can address a range of daily needs and highlight outcomes for the benefit of the end user. Still, satisfactory results can be achieved following testing provided that participation of end users, caregivers, healthcare professionals is active, through specially designed qualitative analysis.

DEEP is a novel bidirectional Italian sign language (LIS)-to-Italian automatic translation system. Sign languages are notoriously hard to recognize by a computer vision system, and it is also quite difficult to generate signs in a smooth and comprehensible way. DEEP focuses on two case study scenarios: pharmacy and passport/identity office, providing a vertical, high-quality dataset, and implementing two pipelines that permit to translate LIS to Italian (with a BLEURT of 0.72), and Italian to LIS (generating a very good avatar, as reported by several deaf subjects and LIS interpreters). While the LIS-to-Italian pipeline implements a generic LIS-to-Italian translator, the Italian-to-LIS pipeline is limited as Italian-to-LIS translation is based on a list of know sentences. Despite this limitation, we argue the whole system could be a pragmatic and useful choice for several scenarios.

Developing effective subtitle guidelines for extended reality (XR) is essential to ensure accessibility for deaf and hard-of-hearing users. This study synthesizes existing 2D guidelines and addresses 3D-specific challenges, focusing on subtitle placement in virtual space and guiding methods for off-screen sound localization.

A prototype was developed in Unity, simulating a business meeting with ten use cases implementing a broad range of guiding methods in combination with different subtitle placements. We adopt a comprehensive approach, testing multiple techniques to provide a full understanding of their effectiveness and usability.

Our results indicate a statistically significant preference for world-spaced subtitles, particularly when paired with what we refer to as icon bubbles, which enhanced spatial awareness and speaker identification while reducing cognitive load. In contrast, screen-spaced subtitles proved less effective in multi-speaker scenarios due to difficulties in speaker association. Additionally, user preferences for subtitle formats varied by context, suggesting that effectiveness may differ across XR applications, such as entertainment and education.

These findings highlight the necessity for scenario-specific, adaptable, and intuitive subtitle systems to enhance accessibility in immersive XR environments.

Flex Picture eBook utilizes interactive images, containing multiple levels of complexity which are adaptable to the demands of visually impaired children. However, creating these images requires a lot of time and technical knowledge. To reduce this workload, a plugin suite for Adobe Illustrator was developed, that allows artists to create these illustrations inside of the software they are used to. With these tools, they are able to imbue their work with multi-layer switching functionality, giving their users the ability to select one of 5 levels of accessibility, as well as allowing zooming on elements they selected. This software also gives artists the ability of animating complex movements. All this can be done inside of Illustrator, without having to leave the software.

This paper focuses on the guidelines developed for the creation of these images, as well as the software that was developed to make the production of the illustrations possible.

This research focuses on the accessibility of email applications for blind and low vision (BLV) users, specifically examining non-visual features such as voice input/output, pre-recorded audio, and alternative text descriptions. The survey aims to understand how BLV individuals use these features to access, compose, and manage emails, and to identify the barriers and challenges encountered. The findings will contribute to a deeper understanding of how to improve the design of accessible email applications, moving beyond reliance on visual interfaces and focusing on auditory and other non-visual accessibility solutions. The results of this study will provide critical insights for designers and developers to create more inclusive email applications BLV individuals to interact with screen readers and AI.

360-degree media is growing in prevalence in fields such as education, tourism, architecture, and leisure. However, they can impose significant challenges for persons with disabilities if accessibility is overlooked. The goal of this study was to compile accessibility requirements for 360-degree environments into a single set of guidelines that can serve as a tool for comprehensive accessibility testing. Based on these guidelines, we could found major barriers during an accessibility evaluation of the current accessibility state of three educational learning platforms: ThingLink, Uptale, and ImmerseMe.

N/A

https://aaate2025.eu/2025/05/24/at-passport-2-0-putting-the-user-in-the-drivers-seat/

https://aaate2025.eu/chat-building-irelands-at-ecosystem-together/

This study explores how 3D audio and visual accessibility features enhance user guidance in XR whiteboards for individuals with visual impairments. Using, empirical testing assessed usability and accessibility. A participatory design approach informed the prototype development of “UniNotesXR”, a spatial XR whiteboard with 3D audio earcons, incorporating assistive tools like text, zoom, and contrast settings. The concept was evaluated with a usability test, interviews, and standardized questionnaires (UEQ, NASA-TLX). Results show that spatial audio cues combined with customizable visual aids improve orientation and interaction, reducing key barriers. However, challenges remain, including the cognitive load of a novel interaction concept and hardware/software limitations in feedback precision. Findings offer recommendations for improving the visual user interface, the earcons and accessibility features like the zoom and highlight the need for further research into multisensory feedback integration for inclusive design.

As digitization reshapes the labour market, integrating emerging technologies into vocational training for individuals with disabilities becomes crucial. This study explores the use of mixed reality (MR) to enhance learning experiences for neurodiverse trainees, specifically in hairdressing, kitchen, and warehouse logistics training. Over a three-year initiative, interactive holograms were developed for HoloLens 2 in collaboration with IT specialists, trainers and rehabilitation researchers. The applications were tested with 16 trainees, employing usability assessments, participant feedback, and video analysis. Results indicate a generally positive reception, with most participants finding the application easy to use and engaging. Notably, hairdressing trainees experienced smoother interactions, while some challenges arose in the kitchen and logistics scenarios. Participants reported increased motivation and knowledge acquisition, though a few experienced mild fatigue. While MR technologies show promise in vocational training, institutional implementation requires addressing technical, financial, and personnel factors. Trainers play a key role in sustaining MR integration beyond research projects. The study underscores the potential of MR to make learning more engaging and accessible while highlighting the need for further research on optimizing usability and implementation in training institutions.

Training individuals with special needs in gardening presents distinct challenges due to varying learning preferences and accessibility constraints. Augmented Reality (AR) serves as an innovative approach by offering engaging, interactive, and adaptable learning experiences. This paper explores the design, development, and assessment of an AR training tool customized for gardening tasks, aimed at supporting individuals with special needs. The application utilizes AR to deliver step-by-step guidance, adjust instructional content to user abilities, and enhance participation through simulated practice. We detail the conceptual framework, implementation strategies, and feedback from an initial study involving individuals with diverse needs. Findings suggest that AR significantly improves accessibility and learning outcomes, empowering individuals to develop gardening skills and attain greater independence.

Media skills have become increasingly important in the education system. In Germany, the expansion of digital infrastructure and equipment in schools is currently being prioritized, resulting in new challenges and a great need for innovation in its implementation. In this context, customizable applications and software offer great potential for students with different levels of knowledge. The app [name of app] offers such customizability und was therefore examined for its potential use in the classroom.

In this study the potential of media literacy education using individualized approaches is analyzed through classroom observations and teacher interviews. The results show promising opportunities but also reveal that the prototype requires further refinement to unfold its full potential. The results emphasise the importance of integrating technical and pedagogical considerations for the effective implementation of technical innovations

This study examines the impact of an Interactive Sensory Ball (ISB), incorporating light and music programs, on children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The minimum viable product (MVP) of the ISB prototype was tested with 12 children aged 7 to 10 years across two primary schools. A case study-based action research methodology was used, incorporating the Single-Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) approach with video footage to assess behavioral changes and investigate the impact of the ISB product features. Results indicate significant improvements in engagement, attention span, self-regulation, and social interaction. These findings highlight the potential of interactive sensory tools in supporting children with ASD and provide valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders in the health and education sectors. The study emphasizes the need for innovations that boost engagement and support self-development in children with ASD, thereby improving teacher working conditions. This aligns with sustainability goals and waste reduction, enhancing conditions in primary schools and ASD departments.

This paper presents a small-scale study conducted in Cyprus pre-primary education schools, aiming at including accessibility and assistive technology concepts and competencies in interdisciplinary approaches of the national curriculum. Forty-four children, ages 4.5-6 years participated in the study, attending a three-phase educational programme integrated into their school curriculum. Data collection included fieldnotes of classroom discourse, and pictures and discussions around participants’ artefacts developed during the programme. Findings of the study indicated children’s perceptions on barriers, disability and possible solutions that lead to accessibility and universal design. In addition, design elements around accessible tools and environments emerged in the discussions and practical examples developed by children during the study, demonstrating the possibility of accessibility awareness and competence development at a primary level.

The Erasmus+ MuVie project aims to make music education more accessible for blind students by integrating advanced digital tools, such as computers, Braille displays, screen readers, and specialized music notation software. This study presents the results of a user needs analysis, conducted through structured questionnaires administered to students, parents, teachers, and educational institutions in Italy, Cyprus, Germany, and Poland.

The survey focuses on key factors affecting music learning for students with visual impairments, including the complexities of the Braille music notation system, the limited dissemination of assistive technologies, the scarce availability of accessible digital music scores, and the lack of specific training for music teachers. Additionally, the study emphasizes the crucial role of family support and school inclusion policies, both of which are essential for students’ educational success.

Building on previous research, an in-depth analysis of the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been conducted to develop innovative solutions, enhance the usability of Braille music scores, and support music instruction more effectively. In particular, the need for a dedicated online platform has emerged, enabling optimized access to Braille music scores and offering teacher training programs, fostering a more accessible and inclusive music education.

The Erasmus+ MuVie project promotes accessibility in music education for blind students through innovative digital tools. A survey of students, teachers, librarians and musicians in Italy, Cyprus, Germany and Poland focuses on issues such as the complexity of Braille notation, the limited availability of assistive technologies and the lack of accessible digital scores. The survey also explores the need for specific tools to support the teaching of music to visually impaired students. There is also a growing interest in jazz music among blind music students.

To address these needs, among other initiatives, a new method for writing jazz chords in Braille has been introduced and integrated into the Braille Music Editor 2025 software, with support for importing and exporting in MusicXML format, enhancing compatibility with major music software. In parallel, the project is developing a digital archive of Braille scores and exploring solutions based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) to optimize music reading, making music education more inclusive and autonomous, with a particular focus on jazz repertoire.

Integrating technology into early childhood music education can transform traditional teaching methods, fostering creativity, collaboration, and inclusivity. This study examines using Synth4kids, a web-based musical educational software, as an Assistive Technology (AT) tool designed to support children aged four to six in their musical development. Synth4kids combines elements from traditional music-pedagogical methods with emerging technologies such as augmented reality, QR codes, and WebRTC music practices. It also integrates techniques like eye tracking, hand and face tracking, chromesthesia, and graphic music score strategies, providing multimodal ways of making music and enabling children with diverse abilities to engage actively in the learning process. Findings from this research highlight the added value of incorporating Synth4kids for inclusion and equity by addressing non-recognition and disrespect in the music classroom while cultivating musical and technological skills, promoting active participation, and supporting diverse learning styles. Overall, this study underscores the need for creating AT tools that harmonize educational objectives with playful engagement, paving the way for equitable and inclusive music education.

Internet of Things (IoT) can present substantial opportunities for innovation in the education sectors, potentially with significant positive impact on children with special needs (SN) as part of primary school systems. This paper uses a framework that incorporates ‘risk-based thinking’ to guide product and service feature prioritization for an interactive sensory ball (ISB) that is being developed and designed for primary school children with SN. By linking ‘risk-based thinking’ to the first stages of the generic product development process, this framework offers a structured approach to ensure that the final product is both functional in meeting user needs as part of daily group school activities and adheres to sustainability standards, as outlined in SDG 3, 4, 10 and 12. A case study-based action research methodology was conducted at Muzziball AS, a start-up company from Norway. The aim of the study was to determine the most effective product features to develop a minimum viable product (MVP), tested in specialized departments for children with special needs across four primary schools in Norway, addressing the unique needs of children with SN as part of inclusive educational settings.

The co-creation of individualized assistive devices (IADs) is an innovative approach which allows people with disabilities (PWDs) to participate in the conception, design and development of their assistive devices (ADs). By virtue, being adapted to a specific and precise need, IADs have been reported to reduce the number of unmet needs among PWDs. Furthermore, this innovative approach has been shown to significantly reduce the rate of device abandonment. The present study aim was to co-design and pre-test a service model for IADs co-creation in Québec City, to address unmet needs of PWDs in terms of ADs. A service model was developed by the research team in collaboration with the program managers, clinicians and patient representatives of the Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), a health organization that oversees ADs allocation to PWDs in Québec City. The model was pre-tested with five (n=5) participants recruited among CIUSSS-CN service users. Preliminary findings indicate that the IADs co-created following the service model improved performance and satisfaction with activities for which participants used the IADs, and therefore support the potential of the service model. A larger-scale study is currently underway to validate these preliminary findings.

Background: For approximately one-quarter of the Canadian population aged 15 and over who report living with one or more disabilities, air travel remains challenging. Despite the implementation of various legislative measures, numerous obstacles persist in aircrafts for people with disabilities (PwDs). Obstacles can also vary significantly depending on the situation of PwDs and the equipment they use. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore and understand the barriers and facilitators that PWDs' face in the lavatories of 6 different commercial aircraft models.

Method: We conducted a qualitative study incorporating six focus groups with 36 PWDs, complemented by a scoping review of the literature. The former took place in full-scale aircraft cabin models. The data obtained will be used and analyzed in order to develop a material characterization of the various equipment used by PWDs.

Conclusion: By studying the physical features and properties of equipment used by PwDs, we can better understand their flight experience. The preliminary results, which will be presented at the 18th AAATE Conference, will help establish design criteria for improving accessibility in this context push forward the development of new assistive technologies in the context of air travel.

The development of an effective clinical evaluation methodology for assistive technologies for persons with disabilities requires a comprehensive understanding of insights gained through the evaluation process. This study investigates key factors influencing device improvements by conducting a survey with 36 companies and 20 interviews. The findings reveal that insights primarily emerge during the functional and overall prototyping stages, focusing on aspects such as functionality, safety, usability, and impact on daily life. Three critical elements were identified for generating meaningful insights: relationships with collaborators, the evaluation methodology, and recognition of evaluation limitations. Effective approaches include meticulous preparation, minimizing subjectivity and biases, extracting core issues from user feedback, and observing the emotional and practical effects on users’ lives. Additionally, the study highlights concerns regarding inadequate preclinical safety assessments before clinical evaluations, particularly emphasized by medical professionals. To enhance the reliability of clinical evaluations, it is essential to establish concrete preclinical safety assessment criteria. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing evaluation methodologies for assistive technologies, ultimately contributing to the development of safer and more user-friendly products for individuals with disabilities.

A trial was undertaken to integrate assistive living technology (ALT) equipment assessments with routine home visits carried out by occupational therapists (OTs) specialising in neurological conditions. The five OTs who participated in the trial underwent training before being provided with ALT equipment to use with their patients. At the end of the trial, they each completed a purpose designed questionnaire. The model of service provision as trialed was unsuccessful in that the OTs lacked confidence with using the technology so that their engagement waned and the ALT equipment was not used as initially expected. Nonetheless, the OTs reported that the technology had a positive impact and added value to the assessment process, such as supporting self-management and providing access to equipment to facilitate independent living and achievement of occupational goals. These were despite the observed challenges, including the cognition of their patients, and their lack of finance to purchase the equipment and experience of using even basic technology. In summary, ALT equipment can provide life enhancing improvements to patients though the challenge remains to find the most effective and efficient way to improve access to the independent expert advice and support they need.

For people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) there is great potential for benefit from assistive technology (AT) but considerable unmet need, and evidence on how to meet these needs is lacking.

We used qualitative methodology informed by participatory approaches to understand UK AT service provision and its impact. Thematic analysis was conducted.

42 participants were interviewed. The WHO strategic action framework to improve access to AT, the “five Ps”, was used to organise and understand the study findings. The “five Ps” are: (1) ‘People’ with COPD (and their carers) highlighted how AT was helpful but also aspects that were unhelpful; (2) ‘Policy’: policymakers need to consider the benefits of a prevention focus through AT; (3) ‘Products’: simple, accessible information on the range of AT available is needed; (4) ‘Personnel’: the lack of trained personnel can lead to delays in AT provision resulting in situations where the particular AT may become inappropriate; (5) ‘Provision’: A streamlined process through collaborative working in areas of referral, assessment, and AT supply is needed to improve the accessibility of AT.

The study sheds light on the current service provision of AT in the UK, the challenges, and how service provision might be improved.

This contribution (PhD thesis) explores the lived experiences of parents caring for children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) at home. Through a narrative review, thematic analyses of parents’ blogs, a phenomenological approach and exploring the experiences of Wonder Lab participants, the thesis explores the challenges parents face in navigating healthcare and maintaining balance in day-to-day family life. The components of parents’ lifeworld where they struggle to keep or regain balance: handling medical complexity, coping with multidimensional weariness, parenting siblings, fostering social connectedness, dealing with uncertainty about the future, repairing bureaucracy and scattered services, overcoming boundaries within interactions with providers, and managing financial challenges. The idea of ‘recreating habitat’ emerged as a way to explain how parents’ insider perspectives can inform the provision of good care and support. Adopting the habitat approach in care practices would mean that providers, like conservators of ecological habitats, focus not on isolated areas of care, but on what parents and families need to keep balance and thrive in their day-to-day lives as a whole.

Japanese government launched Long term care insurance (LTCI) in 2000. The benefit of the insurance is provided depending on the care level decided by an investigation of the mental and physical conditions of users (the insured persons). Assistive product service in the LTCI is provided through rental shops designated by the governor of prefectures. Government created a new qualified professional, Assistive Tehnoogy Counselors (ATC). Missions of ATC include consultation, service planning, fitting, instruction and follow up. Rental shops shall employ more than two qualified professionals on AT. The background of this legislation is we did not have enough professionals such as OT’s and PT’s when LTCI was launched. Selected ATs by consultation can give best performance. The follow-up includes visiting users at least once in six months. If they find small defects, they repair on sites. They also make fitting if body condition changes. This paper introduces legislation on the provision of ATC and outcomes of introducing this new professional.

Introduction: Designing technologies for older adults is complex, as usability demands effective goal completion, efficient resource use, and user satisfaction. Neglecting to involve older adults in the design process may result in technologies that fail to meet their expectations. This highlights the need for inclusive design processes that engage older adults and meet usability requirements.

Objective: initiate a community of practice (CoP) to improve methodological skills in usability evaluation of technologies designed by, for, and with older adults.

Methods: A concurrent mixed methods design was adopted to establish this CoP in three phases: i) initiation, ii) resources development, iii) effectiveness evaluation. Multiple sources of data including needs assessments, workshop transcripts, and a validated CoP questionnaire, were collected and analyzed using an analytical questioning framework.

Results: 23 individuals participated in this initiative. The initial needs assessment revealed challenges in identifying methodological tools to evaluate usability of technologies that are adapted for older adults. Participants expressed their expectations for the CoP to facilitate experience sharing among members and provide opportunities to acquire new skills for effectively conducting usability evaluations.

Conclusion: By addressing skill gaps, fostering inclusivity, and promoting collaboration, the CoP demonstrates potential to enhance usability evaluation of technologies for older adults.

MOvIT-Vision is a telerehabilitation intervention being developed for remote monitoring and training of individuals with visual impairments using assistive technologies (ATs). Building on the MOvIT+ platform for mobility devices, MOvIT-Vision adapts this system to address the unique needs of visual impairment AT users. The study objectives were: to understand current follow-up practices in vision rehabilitation and to define end-user needs for the intervention. A user-centered design approach was employed, including a scoping review, regional interviews, and focus groups with key stakeholders. Findings revealed significant variability in follow-up timing and content, highlighting gaps in post-prescription support. The logic model developed for MOvIT-Vision includes device-specific educational materials and outcome evaluations at mid-term and end of the care episode. This research underscores the need for improved remote follow-up and digital resources to support AT use, and the results will guide the creation of follow-up tools to enhance effectiveness of low-vision rehabilitation.

The System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT-2) were adapted for a project in which individuals with autism level 2, light and moderate brain injury and light intellectual disability were asked to rate the usability and acceptability of a prototype for a computerized workstation training system. Objectives are to present the co-design method for adapting the SUS and UTAUT-2. The co-design method involved to: 1.Establish a multidisciplinary advisory group an external evaluation expert, 2.Develop initial drafts of the prototype, 3.Conduct think-aloud usability evaluation, 4.Test the prototype in clinical simulations and 5.Generate a final prototype informed by workshops. The co-design method allowed us to quickly adapt these questionnaires and to validate them in context with the target population. The results from the adapted SUS (good = 78.73 out of 100) informed the pursuit of a computerized training system to facilitate the employability of the target population.

Background: People with spinal cord injury (SCI) experience a variety of secondary health conditions. Historically, to address these issues patients were taught self-management skills during in-person educational sessions. The purpose of this presentation is to review our efforts to create a mobile app to support self-management among people with SCI. This presentation will provide a high-level summary of our research to develop and pilot test the app among an in-patient SCI population and then work we did to extent the app to be more applicable to community dwelling individuals with SCI and small step-wedge trial we conducted with this population. The mixed methods studies used a variety of methods including needs assessment, qualitative interviews, iterative product development, and standardized instrument administration. Despite some initial promising results among in-patients among community dwelling individuals we did not observe improvements in self-management outcomes; however, it appears that the act of goal setting (goal attainment scaling) was beneficial for patients in both treatment groups. One of the challenges we encountered was working with a company that already had an existing platform. This restricted how the app was set up, which may have affected useability. Recommendations to improve app usability will be discussed.

https://aaate2025.eu/an-innovative-communication-aid-based-on-capisciame-ai/

https://aaate2025.eu/speakyai/

https://aaate2025.eu/enhancing-quality-of-life-%cf%84hrough-insights-%ce%b2ased-on-the-als-mnd-personal-needs-matrix/

https://aaate2025.eu/remote-assistance-for-dysphagic-persons-d-a-re-disfagia-assistenza-remota/

People with intellectual disability are often neglected in the design of emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR). This qualitative study, in the form of an exploratory experiment, investigated how VR gaming experiences can be designed using various sensors to be more inclusive for people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Data was collected through observation and semi-structured interviews with a VR game prototype. Six participants (n = 6), all of whom were staff working with individuals with disabilities, took part in the study, which is a deliberate pragmatic delimitation to find a way forward. The findings suggest that VR controllers, when designed to replicate simple, concrete, and repeatable patterns, were well-received. Joystick had mixed results and were considered less intuitive due to design choices, but could still contribute to inclusive VR environments. Voice (not speech) control was the most promising option, with room for improvement in terms of accuracy and response time. An important conclusion is that the design of VR headsets should be improved to reduce the feeling of confinement and enhance accessibility. Finally, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating input methods early in the design process to create more inclusive experiences.

DIGICLAP device, is a 3D-printed smart wearable designed to enhance upper-limb rehabilitation for individuals with motor disabilities, particularly those with cerebral palsy and similar conditions. DIGICLAP integrates motion sensors with gamified augmented reality exercises to improve user engagement and rehabilitation outcomes. A mixed-methods study, conducted at a Rehabilitation Centre in Cyprus, involved 20 participants and 2 allied health professionals. The findings highlighted high user motivation and engagement, with 55% of participants finding DIGICLAP easy to use and 90% appreciating its design. However, challenges were noted in usability for individuals with severe impairments, emphasising the need for personalized adjustments. Allied health professionals found the device efficient and beneficial but suggested improvements in haptics and game responsiveness.

This project aims to create a virtual environment that supports the development of children with autism through creative and skill-building activities. The software runs on the Meta (Oculus) Quest 2 VR headset. The development utilized the Godot Engine, primarily leveraging GDScript and C# programming languages. The application is based on the concept of "serious games", designed to make learning more engaging and enjoyable for children. Autism is a sensitive topic affecting a growing number of families worldwide. The use of virtual environments in the development of children with autism not only opens up new possibilities, but also helps children and their families in their daily lives. The primary target audience includes children with autism and their families, as well as the professionals supporting them, such as special education teachers, psychologists, and therapists. The application aims to teach various skills and abilities to children in an enjoyable and engaging environment, enhancing the overall experience. The application developed within the scope of our project is intended to improve the quality of life and support the development of affected children. The virtual environment was tested with a psychologist and other testers, and the results and feedback were positive.

A virtual reality (VR) application is being developed to transform treadmill-based walking into an immersive experience replicating natural environments. Monotony, often experienced during traditional treadmill workouts. With this project our goal is to address this problem by displaying dynamically changing landscapes synchronized with the treadmill's speed. This system is designed to support rehabilitation, aiding mobility therapy for individuals recovering from injuries, strokes, or other neurological conditions. Additionally, it offers a motivating alternative to traditional workouts. The application is currently undergoing testing to evaluate its effectiveness and user benefits.

Generally, a recommendation system is considered an information aggregation system that directs appropriate information to the users. Considering the Virtual Reality (VR) application, nowadays, the use of VR applications has increased than previously for several activities including rehabilitation purposes. Therefore, in this study, the aim is to propose and develop an effective VR application recommendation system specifically for rehabilitation purposes. The developed system performs considering user queries and extracts the most suitable application according to the user interest considering different attributes of the suitable VR application. In the initial phase, the developed application is able to recommend 95 VR applications according to the user interest considering three rehabilitation purposes including ‘Cognitive’, ‘Physical’, and ‘Motion’ disability. The developed application is suitable for recommending the appropriate VR application to improve the rehabilitation experience of the user.

The elderly population faces numerous motor and cognitive challenges that can intensify with age. These challenges include a decline in memory and attention and a weakening of motor skills. To prevent age-related regression and improve quality of life, seeking effective development solutions is essential. Our goal was to create a developmental game in Unity that develops the motor and cognitive skills of the elderly. During the design and development of the game, those tasks and challenges were implemented, which aided in improving fine motor skills, coordination, memory, and attention. The software includes several smaller games and tasks designed to stimulate different brain functions, such as thinking, memory, problem-solving, and attention. The goal of creating this game was to provide older people with a fun and motivating tool that helps them stay active; by offering them such a game, we allow them to maintain both their motor skills and cognitive abilities enjoyably, thereby improving their quality of life

Video game accessibility remains a growing concern in Human–Computer Interaction (HCI), highlighting the need for designs that accommodate players with diverse abilities.

This study proposes a theoretical framework combining qualitative insights from user experiences—particularly feedback on “Can I Play That” [1]—with quantitative trends reported by market analysts like Newzoo [2].
Grounded in disability studies and inclusive design principles, the framework addresses three key dimensions of accessibility—physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional—and integrates them into an iterative, user-centric approach. By aligning user-reported barriers (e.g., cumbersome controls, unreadable text, and feelings of social exclusion) with market data demonstrating the economic advantages of inclusive design, this work highlights how accessibility strategies can be both ethically and financially beneficial. Ultimately, it has implications for developers, researchers, and other stakeholders, positioning accessibility as a fundamental component of game design that can enrich brand loyalty, user satisfaction, and overall revenue potential.

This study (1) describes the adaptation of the Touchscreen-Assessment Tool (TATOO) for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), (2) characterizes touchscreen operation (touching, dragging, pinching, etc.) and task performance among 120 adults with IDD, and (3) examines correlations between performance, age, IDD level, prior experience, and self-perceived performance.

The adaptation process involved modifying the user interface and simplifying task instructions both linguistically and in complexity. Participants with moderate intellectual disability were slower and less accurate in tasks requiring pinching, dragging, and double-clicking than those with mild intellectual disability.

Significant correlations emerged: mild intellectual disability, younger participants and those with prior touchscreen experience performed better. Additionally, moderate intellectual disability participants rated the tasks as more difficult compared to their mild intellectual disability peers.

These findings highlight the need to adapt touch interfaces to the specific needs of individuals with IDD and underscore TATOO’s potential to assist professionals in making devices more accessible. Improved accessibility fosters social, occupational, and daily-life integration, enhancing quality of life. Furthermore, the results suggest directions for future research and practical applications in technology design for this population.

The integration of assistive technology in education is crucial for enhancing accessibility and independence among visually impaired students. This study examines the impact of smartphone-based accessibility features, specifically TalkBack, on the quality of life and independence of young adults with visual impairments. Using the WHOQOL and PIADS scales, a pre-assessment was conducted to evaluate participants' baseline technological proficiency, confidence, and accessibility challenges. A post-assessment will be conducted three months after the training to measure the effectiveness of TalkBack in improving accessibility. Initial findings indicate that despite daily smartphone usage, participants exhibit low confidence in using accessibility features, highlighting a significant digital literacy gap. The study aims to demonstrate how targeted training can bridge this gap and improve the educational experience of visually impaired students.

The inclusion of children with autism in classroom play activities involving technology requires consideration of the usability level of these technologies. However, methods for assessing user experience are not always designed around the specific needs of children with autism and are often limited to observations made during play.
The study presented here aimed to redesign some evaluation tools by involving 25 teachers who have at least one child diagnosed with autism in their classrooms. Teachers gave their opinions on 4 user experience assessment tools that could involve verbal, visual, or even motor processing. The co-design activity made the assessment tools considered more suitable for the needs of children with autism, proposing an approach that integrates direct assessments with observations during play.

This research explores an Assistive Technology Passport's potential to improve AT access for individuals with disabilities, aligning with human rights and inclusive technology. The proposed AT Passport is a centralized, personalized document detailing individual needs, preferences, and expert recommendations. The study aims to understand AT access barriers, define the passport's role in overcoming them, and develop a practical implementation framework.

A four-phased mixed-methods approach was employed. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis explored lived experiences regarding AT access, identifying barriers and the passport's potential value. This informed a quantitative survey on AT usage and challenges. Concurrently, a Delphi study engaged expert AT users to establish consensus on functionalities and design features, ensuring a user-centred approach.

Finally, the research synthesized findings, integrating the Delphi study's consensus, to develop a comprehensive AT Passport framework. This framework offers recommendations for design, development, and implementation, emphasizing integration with existing systems and sustainability. Further research is needed to refine the framework and maximize its impact on improving AT access, fostering a more inclusive future. This research contributes to the ongoing discussion on AT access and offers a practical solution to address the complex challenges faced by individuals with disabilities.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highlights the importance of ensuring "healthy lives and promoting well-being for all" through Sustainable Development Goal 3. The World Health Organization emphasizes the role of Assistive Technology (AT) in global health, promoting initiatives like the Global Cooperation on Assistive Technology (GATE) program. In this context, the ATTAIN pilot study was developed by an Italian research institute to assess the effectiveness of assistive interventions through a longitudinal observational approach. The study integrated the ATTAIN (Outcomes of ICT Assistive Technology in RehabiliTAtIoN Pathways) protocol into the clinical process at AT Unit, focusing on the assessment of assistive devices and their impact on patient outcomes. Preliminary results from two patients confirm the ATTAIN protocol as a valuable tool for performing customized interventions in precision rehabilitation. Specifically, one patient, diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), showed positive perceptions of an eye-controlled communication device despite clinical deterioration. Another patient with hemiparesis and autism spectrum disorder showed slight improvements with a keyboard. The results underscore the value of digital assessment tools, the role of multidisciplinary teams, and the positive impact of AT on quality of life, effectiveness, and satisfaction, contributing to personalized rehabilitation efforts.

Manual wheelchairs are essential tools for individuals with physical disabilities, but conventional designs are known to be inefficient and propulsion requires good coordination and constant use of both hands. To combat this, we present our novel steering-by-leaning principle in which the backrest functions as a steering wheel allowing users to control direction through upper body flexion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability and performance of the steering-by-leaning wheelchair system for one-handed propulsion by comparing it to a conventional dual-handrim wheelchair. Seven participants completed a test course in both wheelchairs propelling with just one hand. The results demonstrated a significant decrease of 25% in completion times and a 30% increase in performance scores with the prototype. Additionally, users reported lower perceived difficulty and greater confidence when using the prototype. These findings suggest that the steering-by-leaning system enables one-handed propulsion, and offers a promising alternative to improve mobility and independence in one-handed wheelchair users. Further research is needed to validate these results in larger populations and out-of-lab environments.

Manual wheelchair users experience significant physical strain due to inefficient propulsion and frequent braking for directional control. This study investigates the real-life applicability of an upper-body-actuated wheelchair steering system, "steering-by-leaning." Four experienced wheelchair users tested the prototype in daily life over multiple days, followed by a controlled trial each, comparing conventional and steering-by-leaning mode. Results indicate that the steering system reduces physical effort, increases movement efficiency, and allows for higher velocities while decreasing braking energy. The study confirms preliminary laboratory findings and highlights the need for individual wheelchair customization to maximize benefits. These insights contribute to the development of more ergonomic and efficient assistive technologies, aiming to reduce barriers in place for wheelchair users.

In many municipalities in Canada mobility devices (e.g., manual wheelchairs, scooters, powerchairs) are only allowed on city sidewalks, but they frequently encounter obstacles there.

Purposes: 1) To explore the potential use of bicycle paths by people who use mobility devices. 2) To observe mobility device users navigating bicycle paths and their interactions with other path users.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews (n=31), and video recorded bicycle path excursions and post-trip interviews (n=23), with participants with a wide range of ages, abilities and methods of mobility.

Results: We identified three main themes. “Sidelined by sidewalks” illustrated how sidewalk use can be difficult because of factors like poor maintenance, construction, and clutter. “Choosing the path of least resistance” revealed how participants strategically used a combination of city streets, bicycle paths and sidewalks to move around. “Mobility as both means and ends” illustrated the important decision-making factors participants used including safety of self and others and valuing enjoyable routes.

Conclusion: Mobility decision-making is an ongoing and reflective process that considers social and physical environmental factors, such as the existence and quality of curb cuts and barrier-free paths. Our findings support a trial project that would pilot allowing mobility device use in bicycle paths.

The use of a wheelchair is a vital tool for people with mobility problems, offering autonomy and independence. Yet the lack of specialised training significantly affects users' participation in daily activities, which can lead to functional difficulties and reduced quality of life. In addition, the physical and social environment creates significant barriers, limiting mobility and participation. In this study, we investigate the role of structured wheelchair training in supporting the balance of daily activities, autonomy and social inclusion. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with chronic wheelchair users in Cyprus, identifying key themes through thematic analysis. Findings revealed that people without formal training struggle with accessibility and participation, while people trained abroad report higher self-confidence and improved social participation. These results highlight the need for structured training programmes in Cyprus to enhance functionality and inclusion.

Achieving an equal and accessible society for all is a shared global and national aspiration. Mobility, defined as the ability to move safely and independently within societal and domestic contexts, is crucial for ensuring a secure daily life and fostering participation and freedom. The primary objective of this project was to explore and identify factors that pose potential risks for accidents and injuries among children and young people who use wheelchairs. Method: Utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach, this study forms part of a longitudinal document analysis with a qualitative cross-sectional design, based on reports of discrimination due to inaccessibility received by the Ombudsman for Children (DO) during the period 2022–2023, employing thematic analysis. These cases were drawn from both metropolitan environments and small municipalities, encompassing settings such as schools, healthcare facilities, restaurants, and public transportation. The analysis identified three key themes. Result: Ensuring safety and accessibility is paramount for children and young people who use wheelchairs to achieve security in their daily lives, to facilitate their participation and freedom within society. Furthermore, it is imperative to advance our understanding of the complex relationships between the lack of accessibility, participation, and independence in public environments.

The introduction of autonomous vehicles represents a major advancement in transportation; however, it also raises significant accessibility challenges for people with disabilities. This study examines the issue of dual autonomy, focusing on both the vehicle’s independence and that of the disabled passenger. Through a qualitative analysis including interviews and focus groups, we identify the main obstacles faced by blind individuals, wheelchair users, and those with cognitive or psychosocial disabilities. Our findings indicate that the absence of a driver necessitates the implementation of tailored solutions, such as automatic ramps, audio guidance systems, and accessible control interfaces. We also highlight the importance of human assistance, whether remote or on-site, as well as the need for strict regulations to ensure optimal accessibility. In conclusion, we recommend an approach that integrates universal design principles, appropriate regulatory developments, and inclusive digital solutions to ensure effective autonomy for travelers with disabilities.

Electric Vehicles (EVs) operate with reduced engine noise at low speeds, raising safety concerns for pedestrians, particularly those who rely on auditory cues. To mitigate these risks, UNECE Regulation No. 138 mandates that EVs be fitted with an Acoustic Vehicle Alerting System (AVAS) – an external sound-generating device designed to improve EV detectability and provide pedestrians with auditory cues about vehicle movement.

Despite this regulatory requirement, the real-world effectiveness of current AVAS design, particularly for individuals with visual disabilities, remains insufficiently studied. This paper presents an analysis of survey data collected from two participant groups: individuals without disabilities and individuals with visual impairments. A structured survey with Likert-scale statements assessed the perceived safety and detectability of current AVAS sound signatures. The statistical analysis focuses on descriptive comparisons to highlight key trends.

Results indicate that visually impaired participants perceive AVAS sounds as significantly less effective in conveying vehicle presence and movement in real-world settings, providing lower median ratings and exhibiting more consistent response patterns compared to those without disabilities. These findings suggest that current AVAS designs may be inadequate for visually impaired pedestrians, highlighting the need for further refinement and targeted empirical research.

The increasing digitalisation of education has led to the proliferation of online teacher training initiatives, yet many of these remain largely content-driven and lack interactivity, co-creation, and contextual adaptability. Existing models often fail to foster meaningful engagement with assistive technologies (AT) and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), limiting their effective integration into inclusive teaching practices. The VoiceKids Knowledge Hub (VKKH), an innovative Open Educational Resource (OER) developed as part of the ERASMUS+ project “2024-1-IT02-KA220-SCH-000257353 - VoiceKids: Inspiring Children's Vocal. Inclusion”, seeks to address these limitations by embedding a multidimensional, participatory framework for inclusive teacher training. This paper builds upon findings from recent projects and research on digital education in Europe, highlighting the digitalisation processes in schools. Starting from data on teachers’ digital competencies, barriers to technology adoption, and professional development needs, it offers critical insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating AT into instructional design. By incorporating these insights, VKKH is designed as a sustainable, scalable, and practice-oriented OER that aligns with constructivist approaches, universal design for learning (UDL), and participatory learning methodologies. Literature suggests that teachers require hands-on, participatory training environments that promote AT as an integral component of instructional design rather than as a supplementary tool.

Text-to-Speech (TTS) technology offers numerous benefits, particularly when tailored for children. Child-specific TTS tools enhance educational outcomes by supporting literacy, language development, and engagement, especially for those with learning challenges. They also promote inclusivity by aiding children with visual, speech, or attention difficulties and enabling self-expression. These tools improve storytelling, media production, virtual assistants, and branding by creating engaging experiences for young audiences. Additionally, they empower parents and educators to provide dynamic and accessible digital content. Developing child-focused TTS systems faces challenges due to a scarcity of quality child voice resources and ethical considerations regarding the ownership of minors' voices. Despite these hurdles, the demand has led to various research efforts and commercial products focused on creating child-friendly TTS solutions. This review examines the current landscape and advancements in offering child TTS voices.

The landscape of speech synthesis technology, particularly neural Text-to-Speech (TTS), has seen rapid advancements in recent years. This review examines the current state of neural TTS systems and their availability for edge deployment. Traditionally, neural TTS models have required substantial computational resources, limiting their application to server-based implementations. However, recent innovations in model architecture and synthesis techniques are making it possible to deploy these systems on edge devices with limited processing power. These developments are crucial for applications requiring low latency and privacy-sensitive environments where data is processed locally without reliance on cloud services.

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) can significantly enhance the quality of life (QoL) for people with acquired communication disorders (ACD). While several tools exist to assess health-related QoL, those focused on communication-related QoL (CRQoL) are limited, while none exist that focus specifically in areas that are related to AAC users. To increase accessibility, tools have to be adapted in different forms, which are specifically tailored to the needs of AAC users. Therefore, the aim of this study was the adaptation of the ASHA Quality of Communication Life Scale (ASHA QCL) into Greek and evaluate its applicability for AAC users. The GR-ASHA QCL was administered to 72 people with and without ACD, with five AAC users being interviewed about the tool. The findings revealed that GR-ASHA QCL is a valid and reliable tool, but AAC users were unable to complete it independently. This study demonstrates that the GR-ASHA QCL is a reliable and valid tool for assessing CRQoL in individuals with ACD, though modifications are needed to improve its accessibility and usability for augmentative and alternative communication users.

The implementation of high-tech communication aids often fails due to a lack of support from the social environment (Braun, 2020; Garbe & Herrmann, 2020; Erdélyi & Thümmel, 2015). Studies show that negative attitudes and a lack of expertise among caregivers significantly increase the abandonment rate (Baxter et al., 2012; Donato et al., 2018; Johnson et al., 2006; Moorcroft et al., 2019; Soto et al., 2001). In light of the technological advancements in communication over the past five years, the question arises whether and how Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) can offer new solutions to this challenge in implementing Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) aids. GenAI, based on machine learning and large language models, generates contextually relevant and coherent content such as text or images using extensive training datasets. In the form of conversational agents (e.g., ChatGPT), GenAI is capable of maintaining dialogues on nearly any topic (Gimpel et al., 2023). Despite its broad applications in communication its potential use in AAC remains largely unexplored (Lang et al., 2023; Li et al., 2022; Neamtu et al., 2019; Sennott et al., 2019). This PhD project aims to explore the potential of an AAC chatbot, addressing both opportunities and challenges of genAI-driven assistive technologies.

Nurses provide quality and safe care to critically ill patients in intensive care settings (ICU), who often experience complex communication needs, such as patients who are ventilated but awake. However, interpreting patients' communication efforts to communicate is not always possible for several reasons, such as lack of time. Additionally, nurses are typically not trained in the Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) forms of communication in order to ensure that the needs of non-speaking patients are met. The aim of the current study was to investigate ICU nurses’ AAC awareness and to determine their preference in regard to receiving training in AAC forms of communication. An electronic questionnaire with multiple-choice questions was used for data collection. The questionnaire was completed by 111 ICU nurses from the three largest public ICUs in Cyprus. The results show that participants use both unaided and aided forms of communication. However, the aided forms are limited to pen and paper and whiteboards, rather than utilizing other available assistive technology products. It was also evident that participants receive little AAC training. Yet, there is an expressed willingness by the nurses to receive training in AAC forms of communication in order to communicate with their patients.

This work explores the potential of a commercially available brain-computer interface (BCI) to enable text communication for individuals with extensive motor impairments. The system could successfully be calibrated and used to produce text. However, to make it functional for everyday communication throughout the day, improvements are needed in areas such as electrode comfort, ease of use, as well as the ability to control general computer functions. Addressing these challenges could enhance the system’s usability and make it a more viable option for continuous, daily interaction.

https://aaate2025.eu/ethicam-a-privacy-preserving-video-based-system-for-remote-monitoring-of-older-people/

https://aaate2025.eu/ecu50-a-custom-switch-operated-environmental-control-solution/

https://aaate2025.eu/myecc-prop-myecc-pupil-prop/

https://aaate2025.eu/superbrain-1/

This paper presents our experience in creating a virtual assistant tailored for use in residential care facilities, aimed at reducing the workload of facility personnel by automating the collection of patient information and addressing routine inquiries. The system integrates a wide variety of AI methods, including natural language processing (NLP), computer vision, logical inference, ontologies, and knowledge graph technology for the system to interpret user messages and generate responses, ensuring contextual and personalized interactions. The knowledge graph is populated with semantic representations of user messages and serves as a verified source of factual knowledge, enhancing the system’s ability to provide accurate and reliable answers. Challenges in NLP and the integration of diverse subsystems were addressed through a hybrid approach that utilizes a specific language for unified knowledge representation, which improves explainability and addresses limitations inherent in large language models.

Unpaid carers provide unpaid support to individuals who cannot manage independently due to disability, age, or illness. They often face significant challenges balancing their caregiving duties while managing their own well-being. With over 5.8 million unpaid carers in the UK, their role is indispensable to the healthcare system. Mobilise Care Limited, a digital care support organisation, empowers carers through AI-powered tools such as the Carer Assessment Tool and Mobilise Assistant Chat, enhancing both carer well-being and the quality of care. This research introduces an enhanced Carer digital support system, which integrates community knowledge from a growing carers network into its digital support system to improve inclusion and participation of carers in digital carer support community. Using supervised machine learning and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), the tool classifies and embeds helpful peer-generated community threads into its knowledge base, providing carers with richer, and contextually relevant information. Preliminary findings suggest increased carer satisfaction, reinforcing the role of digital innovations in reducing social isolation and improving accessibility, inclusion, and digital health solutions in caregiving.

Sleep is vital for memory consolidation, emotional regulation, and overall quality of life. However, sleep disorders such as insomnia, apnea, and snoring, which affect approximately 33% of the population, can lead to symptoms like daytime sleepiness, irritability, and depression. Diagnosing these disorders typically requires all-night polysomnography (PSG) recordings, manually annotated by sleep technologists. This process is time-consuming, inconsistent, and prone to inter-rater variability. Automating sleep stage classification could address these limitations, but the heterogeneity of EEG time series data presents a significant challenge.

This study explores a hybrid approach combining machine learning techniques with interpretable linear models enriched by feature construction, benchmarking their performance against traditional methods. The integration of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) ensures model transparency, enabling clinicians to verify automated decisions and fostering trust. The study also leverages hybrid AI to incorporate both knowledge- and data-driven approaches, further enhancing model explainability.

This article describes the development of an assistive sociotechnical system aimed at supporting active and healthy aging based on personalization and application of sensor measurements. In this work we rely on both historical and real-time data coming from environmental, behavioral and biomedical measurements. Further, this data is analyzed to highlight patterns and to identify undesirable situations based on deviations from recognized patterns. This way the user's state and lifestyle trends can be determined based on data from several sensors located in and around the home. Our results promise to increase safety of aging populations via assistive technology stack integration with daily AI-assistants that have started to fit into everyday life and modern households.

Children with limb loss in low-resource environments, such as conflict zones, often lack access to appropriate prosthetic limbs for rehabilitation. This work presents a user-led pipeline for the development of a new affordable paediatric prosthetic knee that supports childhood growth in austere environments. The pipeline includes stakeholder engagement using novel questionnaires, clinical casefile analysis, technical design specification, international standard adjustment, computational biomechanical modelling, design, and product trials. Key results from each pipeline stage are described. To date, the product trial has included 3 children (age 9.7±1.7yrs) to compare the new Imperial College Knee with state-of-the-art mechanical knee designs from the UK national health service (NHS). Preliminary results show 1.3x improvement in satisfaction with the new knee and 90.7% gait symmetry. This comprehensive pipeline provides generalisable learnings for paediatric assistive technology design and highlights the need to include children with disabilities in research. The new knee is a promising avenue for improved rehabilitation and societal inclusion in this cohort.

While paratransit responds well to many of the transit needs of PMD for individual transit, the limited reliability and lack of flexibility in scheduling and adjusting to child traveling specifications mean it does not fully meet the needs of PMD who want to travel with children. Objectives were to 1) describe the perceived characteristics, facilitators and barriers of paratransit, and 2) explore the perceptions and experiences with facilitators and barriers of paratransit. Methods. A quantitative survey was first conducted asking questions about paratransit use habits, needs and barriers and facilitators to its use. Then a follow-up focus group was conducted to explore experiences and perceptions on a deeper level. Quantitative data from an online survey were summarized and qualitative data from 3 focus groups were manually transcribed into verbatim, coded and analyzed thematically. Results. Paratransit-eligible Parents (PeP) experienced mental burden at an intrapersonal level before using any type of transit from questioning and planning (personal situation, necessity, confidence and security). PeP expressed that the mental burden is explained by interpersonal, politic/institutional and social factors (services offered and their availability, relationship with the services offered) that hinders PeP service use.

Children with fine motor impairments often encounter challenges in writing and may find using computers for schoolwork beneficial. However, traditional computer mice can pose difficulties for them. Consequently, specialized products like larger joysticks are frequently recommended following assistive technology assessments.

In Europe, video gaming is highly popular among children, with 68% of 6-10-year-olds and 79% of 11-14-year-olds engaging in this activity. Active video gaming has shown promise in improving motor impairments among children.

This pilot case study takes use of children's previous experiences with game controllers. We designed a 3D-printed casing resembling a game controller, enabling a double-hand grip, to encase a small joystick equipped with buttons for mouse clicks. We used this innovative setup to assess various assistive technology solutions for computer mouse use. Children with prior gaming experience demonstrated enhanced proficiency in utilizing computer mouse functions when using the 3D-printed game controller-mimicking joystick case, compared to other assistive devices. Additionally, the 3D-printed device was preferred by the children over more conventional assistive technology products, such as larger joysticks and trackballs.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face challenges in communication, social interaction, and learning. The integration of 3D-printed assistive tools into their education has the potential to significantly improve their learning experience and enhance their motor and cognitive skills. The paper studies the functionality of 3D-printed assistive device, a pen grip, targeted at improving the handwriting/drawing skills of children with ASD. The results from the survey, carried out among 36 professionals in Bulgaria, are analyzed. The novelty of the paper is the development of a specialized module in AutoCAD environment which allows the automated modelling of 3D-printed pen grips personalized to the size of the hand of the user.

This study explores the co-designing, development and implementation of an accessible Person-Centered Plan (PCP) dataset within a cloud-based system to enhance service delivery for adults with intellectual disabilities in Ireland. Current PCP systems are fragmented, leading to inefficiencies and data inconsistencies. This project applies Action Design Research (ADR) to co-design a unified dataset that aligns with new Person-Centered Planning policy guidelines and regulatory compliance requirements. Co-design workshops were conducted with service users, families, support staff, multidisciplinary teams (MDTs), and regulatory authorities to create an inclusive, transparent, and accessible data framework within the iPlanit platform. Preliminary results indicate that a standardised dataset improves record-keeping consistency, data accessibility, and regulatory alignment while enhancing stakeholder engagement in PCP processes. This paper presents findings from the pilot implementation and discusses the implications of scaling this approach to disability services sector-wide.

This research explores the development and evaluation of Interactive Multimodal Tangible Interfaces (IMTIs) designed to enhance museum experiences for Blind and Low Vision (BLV) visitors. By integrating advanced technologies such as 3D printing and microcontrollers, this study aims to create inclusive, interactive environments that enable tactile and auditory engagement with museum exhibits. Four IMTIs were developed in collaboration with two BLV volunteers, each utilizing different interaction methods (pushbuttons, scanning sensors, and autoplay). The IMTIs were evaluated by 30 BLV visitors, with a focus on usability, satisfaction, and engagement. Results revealed a strong preference for pushbutton-controlled IMTIs, highlighting their simplicity and familiarity. Key findings also include the importance of high-quality 3D-printed replicas, clear audio content, and intuitive user controls to enhance BLV visitors’ sense of independence. This study provides valuable insights into designing future accessible museum technologies and offers recommendations for integrating IMTIs into cultural institutions.

Purpose: Museums are vital institutions that preserve and share cultural heritage, yet they often face challenges in accessibility and sustainability. Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) presents new opportunities to enhance inclusivity and sustainability in museum experiences, particularly for people with disabilities (PwD). This paper aims to propose a conceptual framework for digital and sustainable tourism to museums, guiding stakeholders in leveraging GenAI for improved accessibility, visitor engagement, and operational efficiency.

Study design/methodology/approach: A literature review on museum accessibility, sustainable cultural heritage management, and GenAI applications was conducted to identify key opportunities and challenges. The conceptual framework is expanded to integrate GenAI into different museum functions, including digital curation, visitor assistance, and accessibility enhancements.

Results: The findings highlight a refined framework that outlines guiding principles and key stages for incorporating GenAI in museums, ensuring accessibility for diverse visitors while promoting sustainability in cultural heritage management.

Originality/value: This paper provides a structured approach for museums to strategically adopt GenAI, fostering an inclusive and environmentally responsible digital transformation. The framework supports museums in navigating the trade-offs between technological investments and accessibility enhancements, ensuring long-term cultural sustainability.

The study presented here explored the experiences of inter-disciplinary teams of co-designers, including persons with intellectual disabilities working together for developing and implementing an accessible museum educational programme, including the production of 3D printed artefacts and the use of Tangible User Interface (TUI). A qualitative co-design research approach was employed. Data collection involved an initial short survey questionnaire, co-designers logs, interviews and focus group. The questionnaire was administered to museum staff and other stakeholders for mapping existing situations and views. Participants of the co-design process were involved in designing and implementing a museum educational session. Findings indicated the views of participants on barriers and challenges in accessing museums, as well as their positive experiences and satisfaction with collaboration and interaction around and with technology during the co-design sessions and the educational programme.

The proposed paper examines the state of the art in Assistive Technologies (AT) for neurodiverse individuals in higher education, focusing on dyslexia as a primary example. The rationale of the study is to highlight the significant role that AT plays in supporting students with dyslexia in higher education, improving their academic performance, their overall learning experience and their ability to cope in everyday life. The primary objective of this study is to provide an overview of existing ATs and evaluate their effectiveness for neurodiverse individuals, focusing on dyslexia. This involves identifying current advances, understanding user experiences and identifying the most beneficial tools for supporting students with dyslexia in higher education. The proposed paper employs a three-step approach, which includes a systematic review of the literature, a comprehensive collection of additional ATs from online sources, and an empirical assessment of the effectiveness of selected tools for dyslexic students in higher education. The conclusion identifies the use of technology to address the challenges of persons with dyslexia in higher education, as well as technology gaps and suggests future research directions for AT for neurodiverse students in higher education.

Testing websites for accessibility with certified agencies is often time-consuming, complex, and costly. The Easy Web Check (EWC) is a simplified and open method for testing website accessibility with free tools, but it is not yet validated. This paper examines the correct use of the EWC by non-experts. To this end, a user study is conducted in which participants review the test criteria of the EWC on 2-3 websites each. To date, 21 participants have taken part, six completing the entire test. On average, 66% of the tasks were completed correctly, with automated testing methods demonstrating a higher number of correct assessments. The preliminary results suggest that the EWC is suitable for identifying accessibility barriers and has the potential to help non-experts improve website accessibility. However, some test criteria require more detailed explanation and examples to reduce testing errors.

This study details the development of an assistive technology (AT) designed to support People with ADHD in task organization and time management. The tech development the User-Centered Design (UCD) methodology, in four stages: (0) planning, (1) target audience analysis, (2) solution development, and (3) evaluation. Usability and accessibility were assessed using Nielsen’s heuristics, user testing, and automated accessibility tools. Preliminary results suggest the mobile application enhances organizational skills and time management, promoting autonomy and confidence among users with ADHD while ensuring a good user experience through a structured, user-centered design approach.

Ensuring cognitive accessibility in written texts is crucial for individuals with cognitive disabilities. The Easy-to-Read (E2R) Methodology provides guidelines for adapting texts, yet its manual application remains time-consuming and costly. This initial research explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to infer and transfer rule-based linguistic knowledge representations (LKRs) from Spanish to German for two E2R guidelines: explanatory relative clauses and dialogue formatting. We evaluated three LLMs, finding that only Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-1M generated a usable LKR, which still required extensive manual refinement. The results show that while LLMs performed well in identifying dialogues, their effectiveness in adapting complex structures remained limited. Manually adjusted rules improved accuracy but still required human oversight. Future work will analyse LLMs specifically trained for German and additional E2R guidelines to expand results. Additionally, user evaluations will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of adapted texts for individuals with cognitive disabilities.

https://aaate2025.eu/comgames-free-online-games-to-train-alternative-access-to-aac-devices/

https://aaate2025.eu/enhancing-accessibility-in-music-education-through-innovative-solutions/